Cambridge, University Library, MS Ll.1.18
Miscellany of household information
Contents
Language(s): Middle English and Latin. Middle English with dialectical features locatable to Midlands and Nottinghamshire [LALME]
Begins imperfectly. Only four lines, of the end of the short version of the Middle English translation of John of Burgundy's plague tract.
Loss of text on f. 4r-4v owing to damage to the manuscript.
Added to the bottom margin by a 15th- or early 16th-century hand. Four lines; third line in Middle English.
Printed by Caxton in 1490; reprinted by de Worde in 1506.
Dietary regimen for the successive days of the week, which are indicated in the margins.
Formula adapted from that commonly used for enumerations of the seven vices and virtues. Unprinted and apparently otherwise unrecorded.
Formula adapted from that commonly used for enumerations of the seven vices and virtues. Unprinted and apparently otherwise unrecorded.
Formula adapted from that commonly used for enumerations of the seven vices and virtues. Unprinted and apparently otherwise unrecorded.
136 culinary recipes in the list of chapters, but 127 in the collection that follows, largely due to loss of two leaves following f. 26.
A series of 23 culinary recipes, mostly for game birds and animals, similar to those included in An ordinance of pottage (nos 140-68).
74 entries, in three columns.
Unprinted.
List of spices, with quantities and prices. Unprinted.
A series of 24 culinary recipes for salt and fresh water fish and crustaceans. Cf. the fish section in An ordinance of pottage (nos 169-89). Unprinted.
Not otherwise recorded.
One of several abbreviated adaptations of Prince Edward's Book of Hawking. The last two pages are written on an added slip of paper (f. 58) of smaller dimensions than the surrounding leaves.
Collection of 23 recipes for the care of hawks. Not otherwise recorded. Ends imperfectly due to the loss of the following leaf.
The fragments of text on f. 63r and 63v also appear to be recipes for animal care, 'probably for the care of hawks, and so likely to constitute a continuation of the same text' as the above (Connolly, IMEP).
The loss of most of f. 64 and large parts of f. 65 means that the text begins very imperfectly, and no meaningful incipit can be provided. Similarly, the loss of the leaf after f. 73 indicates that the text also ends imperfectly. What remains is a series of thirty-eight of more recipes for the care of horses, which bears a resemblance to The proprytees and medcynes for hors printed by Wynkyn de Worde, ?1502 (STC 20439.3) (cf. Connolly, IMEP).
An unattributed Latin adaptation of John of Burgundy's plague treatise, here addressed to the mayor of London in 1407.
A proven medicine against pestilence. Full transcription.
Charm for the 'falling evil' / epilepsy.
Unprinted.
Crossed out and not now legible. Begins in Latin, ends in Middle English.
Originally blank. It now contains two lines in mirror writing, comprising most of a draft of a short personal letter, and two lines written in code, of similar character, both added by the main scribe of the manuscript. See 'Item transcription' below for further details.
Brief notes on mortal sin, attributed to Bede and Gregory. Unprinted.
Legal formulary, described as follows by Baker and Ringrose (1996), pp. 435-36: 'precedents of instruments, mostly made by William Booth as bishop of Coventry (1447-52) or as archbishop of York (1452-64), including conditional bonds and leases. On 83r is a bond dated 10 January (1458), 36 Hen. VI; on 85v is lease of lead mines in Hexham by Booth, as archbishop of York, to William Bee, and on 88r-v are two arbitration awards in English by Booth as bishop of Chester (i.e. bishop of Lichfield and Coventry) in August (1452), 30 Hen. VI, the first concerning lands in Cannock, Staffs., and the second settling a suit for defamation in the consistory court. From 90r the instruments are mostly ecclesiastical'. Several of the instruments are given or dated at Southwell (Notts.), and relate to persons connected with the collegiate church, notably members of the Worsley family; cf. 81r and 130r-130v. Unprinted. Two leaves are wanting at the end. On ff. 91v-92v is a cumulative tabulation of monetary values by the day, week, month and year.
Unprinted.
45 lines of alliterative verse, possibly concerned with the career of James I of Scotland (d. 1437).
Notes on heraldic terms and animals. Unprinted.
Set of accounts (probably intended as a model, since no year is given), originally relating to a household at Southwell (Notts.). Headings for 'Panetria', 'Butteria', 'Coquina', 'Pullettria', 'Salsaria', 'Focale' and 'Stabulum'. cf. f. 81v. Unprinted.
Remedy against the sweating sickness added by a later hand, unprinted. The first recorded outbreak of the disease in England took place in 1483, and it returned periodically until 1551.
Extracts from Nicholas Upton's De re militari, divided into three distinct sections: ff. 131r-133v contains brief extracts from Books III and IV, mostly crudely drawn shields in monochrome, probably copied from from a better quality illuminated copy of the text; ff. 133v-134v contain the prologue and the dedication to Humfrey, duke of Gloucester (d. 1447) (corresponding to pp. 1-3 in the printed edition); on f. 134v is the epilogue (pp. 258-59).
List of contents at the beginning also notes 'Discriptio corporis christi et beate marie, Originalia diuersorum doctorum, Sanctorum loca vel peregrinaciones, Mirabilia orientis et occidentis', which follow this text.
Ends imperfectly. There are two leaves missing after f. 140, and the top half of f. 139 has been torn off, carrying away part of the text. Unprinted.
Eight lines, the ending of the 'Discriptio corporis christi et beate marie' mentioned in the list of contents on f. 138r. Unprinted.
Brief extracts from the Fathers of the Church, whose names are listed in the margins (Gregory, Augustine etc.). Mentioned in the list of contents on f. 138r. Unprinted.
Mentioned in the list of contents on f. 138r. Unprinted.
Mentioned in the list of contents on f. 138r. Unprinted.
This item and the next are also found together in Cambridge, St John's College, MS F.18 , ff. 131-33.
This item and the previous are also found together in Cambridge, St John's College, MS F.18 , ff. 131-33.
From Alfred to Edward III.
From Edward IV to the University of Cambridge, written at Pontefract Castle on 24 October (year unstated) .
Ends imperfectly. From Edward IV to the University of Cambridge. Printed in Cooper (vol. 1, 1842, p. 213).
Physical Description
Paper, folded in quarto, arranged into five booklets (see Collation) formed
from one or more of five paper stocks, as follows:
ɑ/alpha: a geometric design including two concentric circles
approximately 25mm in diameter, connected to a triangular motif of some kind. Partially
visible in
Quires 1 (ff. 3/10), 2 (f. 13), 3 (ff. 19/34, 21/32, 23/30), 4 (ff. 35/61, 38/47,
40/45, 41/44).
β/beta: boeuf, bearing some resemblance to Briquet
nos. 2817 (Perpignan, 1469). Partially visible in Quires 2 (ff. 15/16), 5 (ff. 49/52), 6 (ff.
55/56), 7
(ff. 67/68), 9 (ff. 85/86), 11 (ff. 95/100), 13 (ff. 112/123, 114/121, 115/120), 14
(ff. 126, 129/134, 130/133,
131/132).
ɣ/gamma: unidentifiable, being heavily overlaid with text, and
partially visible only once, in Quire 8 (ff. 76/79).
δ/delta: tête-de-boeuf, visible only once, in Quire 9
(ff. 84/87), in which β also appears.
Roughly speaking, therefore, the first third of the manuscript (Quires 1-4) is probably
made up of paper from
stock with watermark ɑ/alpha, but includes at least one bifolium from stock bearing
watermark β/beta in quire 2,
and also includes two small quires on β/beta paper (Quires 5 and 6) inserted into
quire 4. Most of the remainder
of the manuscript also appears to be made up of β/beta-watermarked paper (Quires 7-14),
except for the minor
intrusions of bifolia bearing the ɣ/gamma and δ/delta watermarks in Quires 8 and 9.
The presence of paper with the
β/beta-type watermark throughout almost all the manuscript may possibly contribute
to some estimate of its date
(perhaps late in or soon after the third quarter of the fifteenth century), and also
sheds some light on the
compilers' access to materials, and their procedures. 'It will be noted that the predominant paper stock used throughout the manuscript
is that designated β above
(possibly c. 1469). β appears mixed with ɑ in the first two booklets, and briefly
with δ in the fourth, which
indicates that though the compiler took time to assemble his texts, his source of
writing material mostly remained
stable as the work progressed.'
Mid-20th-century foliation:
[i] + 3-4, 6-17, 19-26, 30-61, 63-72, 74-79, 81-92, 94-109, 111-123, 126-134, 138-140, 144-150 + [ii]
Written in pencil in the upper right-hand corner of the rectos, by H.L. Pink . Folio numbers 1-2, 5, 18, 27-29, 62, 73, 80, 93, 110, 124-125, 135-137 and 141-143 assigned to leaves no longer present in the volume (as per historic foliation practice at Cambridge University Library). This sequence is used in this record.19th-century foliation:
5-6, 8-15, 17-28, 32-48, 50-59, 59*, 60-61, 64-73, 75-80, 82-93, 95-110, 112-124, 126-134, 137-139, 141-147
Written in pencil in the middle of the upper margin of the recto of each leaf (and later struck through), by Henry Bradshaw (1831-1866) , University Librarian 1867-1886. In several places, Bradshaw cancelled his previous attempt(s) at foliation and re-wrote the numbers, or over-wrote them. Gaps in this sequence are again a consequence of numbers being assigned to leaves no longer present in the volume (see also Additions).Earlier 19th-century foliation:
1-128
Written in pencil in the upper right-hand corner of the rectos (and later struck through), by an unidentified hand of the 19th century (and prior to Bradshaw's foliation). Leaves after f. 29 and f. 30 of this sequence (i.e. current ff. 36 and 39) were accidentally omitted.15th-century foliation:
i-vii, xi-xxiii (for ff. 20-42)
Written in ink in the upper right-hand corner of the rectos, in the 15th century, for the Ordinance of pottage, and to which the prefatory list of contents on f. 19r-19v refers. Gaps in the sequence indicate the subsequent loss of leaves (see Collation).Collation
'[A]n unknown quantity of material has been lost from both the beginning and the end of the book as it now stands. What we have are the remains of fifteen gatherings (now bound as sixteen), of widely varying lengths. They fall into distinct groups of the kind commonly designated as booklets, five in number, each of which is largely devoted to a particular type of subject matter. Though the process of copying within these larger units seems to have been mostly continuous, differences in appearance from one booklet to the next suggest that the manuscript as a whole was accumulated over a period of time, as material came to hand. As is commonly the case in 'home-made' compilations of this kind, there are few signs that the copyist was much concerned with the more formal procedures involved in book production, such as pricking and ruling, or the provision of quire and leaf signatures, and he had no qualms about inserting new booklets within existing ones.'
Summary of booklets:
- Booklet 1 = Quires 1-2 (ff. ['1']-['18'])
- Booklet 2 = Quires 3-4, with Quires 5 and 6 inserted after the 13th leaf in Quire 4, and Quire 7 (ff. 19-['73'])
- Booklet 3 = Quire 8 (ff. 74-81)
- Booklet 4 = Quires 9-13 (ff. 82-['137'])
- Booklet 5 = now misbound as Quires 15-16, but originally a single quire (ff. 138-['151'])
Collation formula:
- Quire 112-3 (ff. 3-12: 1st, 2nd and 5th leaves, ff. '1-2' and '5', missing)
- Quire 26-1 (ff. 13-17: 6th leaf, f. '18', missing)
- Quire 316-3 (ff. 19-34: 9th-11th leaves, ff. '27-29', missing)
- Quire 416 (ff. 35-47 and 59-61: Quires 5 and 6 inserted after the 13th leaf, f. 47)
- Quire 56 (ff. 48-53)
- Quire 64+1 (ff. 54-58: 5th leaf, f. 58, inserted)
- Quire 712-2 (ff. 63-72: 1st and 12th leaves, ff. '62' and '73', missing)
- Quire 88-1 (ff. 74-81: 7th leaf, f. '80', missing)
- Quire 98 (ff. 82-89)
- Quire 104-1 (ff. 90-92: 4th leaf, f. '93', missing)
- Quires 11-128 (ff. 94-110)
- Quire 1316-3 (ff. 111-123: 1st, 15th and 16th leaves, ff. '110', '124' and '125', missing)
- Quire 1412-3 (ff. 126-134: 10th-12th leaves, ff. '135-137', missing)
- Quire 156-3 (ff. 138-140: 4th-6th leaves, ff. '141-143', missing)
- Quire 168-1 (ff. 144-150: 8th leaf, f. '151', missing)
- N.B. The presence of scribal leaf signatures shows that Quires 15-16 were originally a single quire of 16 leaves (4th and 12th-16th leaves missing). The current Quire 16 was originally bound after the 4th leaf of Quire 15, i.e. after the first stub following f. 140.
Leaf signatures in Roman numerals in Quires 15 and 16 only (see Collation).
No quire signatures.
'Catchwords seem to have been added at a late stage, when the manuscript had come to be regarded as in some sense finished and ready for binding, since they supply links not only within the booklets, but, on occasion, between one booklet and the next (e.g. those on ff. 17v and 81v). The positioning of some catchwords suggests that some leaves had already gone missing by this stage, for example those at the quire divisions at ff. 17v and 109v, where the lost folios '18' and '110' are represented merely by stubs.'Condition
The manuscript is soiled and badly damaged in parts, with many leaves missing. The extremely fragmentary remains of ff. 63-65 have been repaired and remounted, and ff. 66-74 show signs of heavy repair. One worm hole starts at f. 91, with over ten worm holes appearing in the final f. 150.
Layout
Frame ruling in plummet visible only in Booklet 4 (ff. ff. 82-123); possible hardpoint ruling of bounding lines elsewhere. Almost entirely in single columns (except for list of contents on ff. 19r-19v (2 columns) and list of terms of association on ff. 44v-45r (three columns) and spices on f. 45r (two columns)). Variable number of written lines.
Hand(s)
'As regards handwriting, Ll.1.18 at first gives the impression that it was the work of many hands, but (apart from very minor marginal additions) there were in fact only three: A, who wrote the bulk of the manuscript, probably over a period of time; B, who collaborated fleetingly with A early on, and who reappears to contribute a short later addition; and C, who appears in one quire only, a distinct booklet that A took into his compilation, and went on to use himself. Hand A's successive stints are often clearly discernible in frequent changes of pen or ink (or both), and his work shows signs of having been carried on intermittently, and probably in informal circumstances, as exemplars sporadically became available. The hands of all three scribes show variable mixtures of current anglicana and secretary features characteristic of the latter half of the fifteenth century, and both the duct and the selection of features in A's contributions were clearly affected by language, text type and the space available on the page.'
- Booklet 1: Hand A throughout, except for f. 16v and part of 17r, by Hand B
- Booklet 2: Hand A throughout
- Booklet 3: Hand A throughout
- Booklet 4: Hand A throughout, except for the recipe for sweating sickness added to f. 130v by Hand B
- Booklet 5: Hand C throughout, except for ff. 149v-150v, where Hand A reappears
Further commentary on the scribal stints, arising from the 'Scriptorium' project (2006-2009):
Hand A wrote Items 1-4; Item 6 (f. 16r only; remainder by a different hand); Items 7–32, 42-43. In Item 28, ff. 89r (lower half) to 92v and ff. 103r to 123v are in one of hand A's normal styles; ff. 82r–89r (upper half) and 94r–102v are probably by the same hand, writing to a smaller module, and selecting certain different letter-forms (notably 'g'). It is possible that different types of texts, and the switch from English to Latin, might have been an influence on A's ductus and choice of letter-forms. Consider, for instance, the final stage of Item 4 (f. 13v) and the following Item 5 on f. 14r. The Latin is slightly more spaciously layed out; we find an occasional alternative form of 'd' (straight rather than a looped ascender); however, this is clearly still the work of Hand A. Another example is the transition from Item 15 to 16: for the latter item A's writing speed increases, resulting in larger letter forms, the flattening of the minims of 'm' and 'n' almost to zigzag lines, and very open 'e'. Hand A here fits fewer words to the line, and fewer lines to the pages, suggesting that time was a factor in copying this text. The hunting cries in this section have been more carefully set out, and thus they visually stand out.
Hand B is responsible for the continuation of Item 6 (ff. 16v-17r), and perhaps also for Item 33 (f. 130v). This hand shows a distinct looped 'g', a broken stroke in the bowl of 'd', and much less frequent use of backwards 'e'. Item 32 shows a similar formation of 'g' and word-final sigmoid 's'. Further contrasting letterforms between Hands A and B may be seen in the formation of Hand A's looped 'w' versus the near-straight strokes of Hand B's initial 'w'.
Hand C wrote items 35-42. This hand is somewhat flatter in appearance and less carefully formed than Hand A. Hand C has a notable tendency to fill out the remainder of his line with a horizontal stroke.
Finally, several other hands have added small items to the manuscript, such as Item 4 on f. 4v. The crossed-out section on f. 79v appears to be a later addition, though it shows some resemblance to Hand B's contribution on ff. 16v-17r. Even more minor notes and marginal glosses (for instance ff. 54r, 61r, 79r, 91v, 92r, 126r) may be the work of later readers or owners.
Decoration
Folios 131r-133v feature crude pen-and-ink renderings of coats of arms, illustrating the notes from Nicholas Upton's De re militari.
Additions
Notes in pencil by Henry Bradshaw (1831-1886) , University Librarian 1867-1886, concerning the loss of leaves from the manuscript, usually written in the corners of the lower margin (see. ff. 4v, 13v, 63r, 72v, 145r, 150v).
Collation formula by the hand of H.L. Pink (rear pastedown). From Quire 5 onwards, and continuing a sequence begun by an earlier, probably 19th-century hand, Pink also added quire numbers to the lower right-hand corner of the recto side of the first leaf of each quire, and '+' in the same location to the first leaf of the second half of each quire. Pink also made notes throughout the manuscript, in locations where he judged leaves to be missing (see, for example, the upper margins of ff. 3r, 17v, 26v etc).
Binding
Marbled paper cover over pasteboards, parchment tips, half calf, red leather spine. Probably 1950s/1960s.
Spine label from an ?18th-century binding preserved on the front pastedown.
History
As Keiser (1999) has pointed out, the later copies of legal instruments in Item 28 make frequent reference to William Booth or Bothe (d. 1464), bishop of Coventry and Lichfield and later archbishop of York, and to others associated with him, notably members of the Worsley family. The appearance of the handwriting, and the possible dating of some of the watermarks to c. 1469 and c. 1477, tend to suggest that the manuscript may have been compiled over a period during the last quarter of the fifteenth century. The fact that Scribe C, who must have added item 27 at a date after 1483 (when the sweating sickness first appeared in England) also collaborated with Scribe A in the copying of item 6, lends substantial support to this suggestion.
Items 26, 28 and 32 strongly suggest that the principal compiler of the manuscript (Scribe A) was a member or servant of the religious community at the collegiate church of Southwell, near Newark, in Nottinghamshire. In order to compile Item 28 he must have had access to the archive of William Booth, who often stayed at the archiepiscopal residence at Southwell, and in whose church he was buried in 1464. Item 26 indicates that the compiler was directly associated with a member of the Worsley family family, whose extensive connections with the community at Southwell (and with Booth) are evident in Item 28, and more generally in the Southwell visitation records of the later fifteenth century (printed by Leach (1891)). Regarding the contents of the manuscript, it is relevant to note that hawking and hunting were amongst the clerical misdemeanours identified during the visitations, and that there are also allusions to the fact that the community was troubled by plague from time to time.
Provenance and Acquisition
John Moore (1646-1714) , bishop of Ely: no. 114 (f. 3r) in Bernard, Catalogi librorum manuscriptorum Angliæ et Hiberniæ (c. 1697).
Presented to the University Library in 1715 by George I : donation bookplate engraved by John Pine in 1736 on front pastedown.
Additional Information
Record Sources
A description of this manuscript and a transcription of part of its text was produced by Sebastiaan Verweij as part of Scriptorium: Medieval and Early Modern Manuscripts Online (2006-09), a three-year AHRC-funded Resource Enhancement Project based in the Faculty of English at the University of Cambridge. The digital images, descriptive metadata and transcriptions from this project have been archived on Apollo, the University of Cambridge's Digital Repository, and have also been made available via a dedicated collection page on the Cambridge Digital Library.
The description of the manuscript was revised in 2024 by James Freeman , as part of Curious Cures in Cambridge Libraries, a two-year Wellcome-funded Research Resources Project based at Cambridge University Library. The revised description draws on the study of the manuscript in Richard Beadle, 'Cambridge, University Library, MS Ll.1.18: a Southwell miscellany', in Pursuing Middle English manuscripts and their texts: essays in honour of Ralph Hanna, ed. by S. Horobin and A. Nafde (2017), pp. 99-112 and on Margaret Connolly, Manuscripts in the University Library, Cambridge (Dd-Oo), Index of Middle English Prose 19 (2009), pp. 312-19.
Availability
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Bibliography
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Nicolai Vptoni De studio militari libri quatuor. Iohan. de Bado Aureo Tractatus de
armis. Henrici
Spelmanni Aspilogia, (Londini, Typis Rogeri Norton : Impensis Johannis Martin, & Jacobi Allestrye, 1654)
Annals of Cambridge, Cooper, Charles Henry (Cambridge, 1, Warwick and Co., 1842, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511700873)
A catalogue of the manuscripts preserved in the library of the University of Cambridge, (Cambridge, 4: Ll-Oo, Cambridge University Press, 1861)
Visitations and memorials of Southwell Minster Camden new series, Leach, Arthur Francis (Westminster, Printed for the Camden Society, 1891)
Pestschriften aus des ersten 150 Jahren nach der Epidemie des „schwarzen Todes“ 1348.
III. Aus
Niederdeutschland, Frankreich und England Archiv für Geschichte der Medizin, Sudhoff, Karl (5, 1/2, 36-87, 1911, https://www.jstor.org/stable/20772938)
Fragment of an Alliterative Political Prophecy The Review of English Studies, Day, Mabel (15, 57, 61-66, 1939, https://www.jstor.org/stable/509721)
The book of St. Albans and the origins of its treatise on hawking Studia Neophilologica, Leggatt, N. J. Shirley (22, 2, 135–145, 1949, https://doi.org/10.1080/00393274908587042)
Catalogue of Latin and vernacular plague texts in Great Britain and Eire in manuscripts
written before the
sixteenth century, Singer, Dorothea WaleyAnderson, Annie (Paris; London, Académie internationale d'Histoire
des Sciences; William Heinemann Medical Books, 1950)
More fifteenth-century 'terms of association' Review of English Studies, Corner, Rachel (13, 51, 229-244, 1962)
<hi rend="italics">Prince Edward's Book</hi>: a survey of the related texts Archiv
für das Studium der neueren Sprachen und Literaturen, Hands, R. (209, 26-42, 1972)
Of hawks and horses: four late Middle English prose treatises Scripta, (Brussels, Omirel, UFSAL, 1986)
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1986)
<hi rend="italics">The Tretyse off Huntyng</hi> (Cambridge University Library MS Ll.1.18,
fols. 48r-55v) Scripta: Mediaeval and Renaissance Texts and Studies, Rooney, Anne (Brussels, Omirel, 1987)
<hi rend="italics">An ordinance of pottage</hi>: an edition of the fifteenth century
culinary
recipes in Yale University's MS Beinecke 163, (London, Prospect, 1988)
Anthologies and miscellanies: production and choice of texts Book production and publishing
in Britain 1375-1475 Cambridge studies in publishing and printing history, Boffey, JuliaThompson, John J. (Cambridge, 279-315, Cambridge University Press,
1989)
A catalogue of English legal manuscripts in Cambridge University Library, with codicological
descriptions
of the early manuscripts, Baker, J.H.Ringrose, J.S. (Woodbridge, Boydell Press, 1996)
Practical books for the gentleman The Cambridge History of the Book in Britain: Volume
3: 1400–1557 The Cambridge History of the Book in Britain, Keiser, George (Cambridge, 3, 470-494, Cambridge University Press, 1999, https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-history-of-the-book-in-britain/practical-books-for-the-gentleman/CD2CA2B9833925F33C12FCCB3AF18AB2)
A sporting lexicon of the fifteenth century: the J.B. treatise Medium Aevum monographs.
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Literature, 2003)
Médecin sans Frontières? The European Dissemination of John of Burgundy's Plague Treatise
American Notes & Queries, Matheson, Lister M. (18, 3, 17-28, 2005, https://www.proquest.com/docview/216725404/abstract/2A744644A6F840FAPQ/6)
A previously unnoticed fragment of John of Burgundy's plague tract and some connected
pest
regimens Notes and Queries, Rand, Kari Anne (295-297, 2006, https://academic.oup.com/nq/article/doi/10.1093/notesj/gjl069/1153688/A-Previously-Unnoticed-Fragment-of-John-of)
Practical reading for body and soul in some later medieval manuscript miscellanies
Journal of the Early Book Society, Connolly, Margaret (10, 151-174, 2007)
Privately-Owned English Urban Manuscripts, 1300-1476 (Urban Manuscript Project) Archaeology
Data Service, Riddy, Felicity (2008, https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archives/view/ump_ahrc_2008/index.cfm)
Manuscripts in the University Library, Cambridge (Dd-Oo) Index of Middle English Prose, Connolly, Margaret (Woodbridge, D.S. Brewer, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1017/9781846157363)
Cambridge University Library, MS Ll.1.18: A Southwell miscellany Pursuing middle English
manuscripts and their texts : essays in honour of Ralph Hanna, Beadle, Richard (Turnhout, 99-112, Brepols, 2017)
Funding of Cataloguing
Arts and Humanities Research Council
Digital Images
Abbreviations
View list of abbreviations and editorial conventions.
