Medieval Manuscripts in Cambridge Libraries

A catalogue of Western manuscripts and papyri at Cambridge University Library, the Fitzwilliam Museum and selected Cambridge colleges

Cambridge, University Library, MS Kk.5.28

Diktyon no.: Diktyon 12211

Contents

Introduction: This manuscript contains two texts by the Greek Neopythagorean Nicomachus of Gerasa (ca. 100 CE), a mathematical manual, Introduction to Arithmetic, and a work on music, Manual of Harmonics. The codex is formed of two parts. Both were copied by the Greek scribe Angelos Bergikios (c. first quarter of the 16th century-1569). Born in Crete, from 1539 he worked in Paris, where he was appointed by Francis I (1494-1547) scriptor of the Royal Library, which then was in Fontainebleau. Bergikios' script was used as model for the grecs du roi typeface designed by Claude Gramond. Although the texts were all copied by the same scribe, it is possible to distinguish two distinct parts in the manuscript: they have a different kind of paper, the scribe used a different ink, and the quires of each have been numbered by the scribe with a distinct series of signatures. Possibly Angelos Bergikios copied them at a different time. The first part of the manuscript contains the Introduction to Arithmetic (Introductio arithmetica). A later western hand added in the margins notes, scholia, and corrections. The same hand intervened also in MSS Kk.5.31 and Ff.6.32, both written by Bergikios and owned, before John Moore, by J.B. Hautin. The second part contains the Manual of Harmonics; Bergikios copied this text also in MSS Bern, Burgerbibliothek, 639 and Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, gr. 2457, which was completed, according to its colophon, in 1537 in Venice. Another hand added annotations and diagrams in the margins, and a pagination. Dr Erika Elia

Language(s): Greek

Physical Description

Form: codex
Extent: Codex: i + 120 + i leaves., 270 × 193 mm.
Foliation: The leaves are foliated 1-119, in pencil, in Arabic numerals, in the top right hand corner, recto; the number 107 has been used twice, as 107 and 107x: [i] + 1-107, 107x, 108-119 + [ii]

Collation

[i] | 1-118 | 12-158 | [ii]

Condition

The first and the last two leaves of the manuscript's parts, ff. 1r-2v, 88r-89r, 118r-119v, are yellowed near the edges and stained. Some humidity and water stains are found throughout the volume: at ff. 1r-24r in the upper margin, near the gutter, at ff. 1r-50r in the upper margin, near the right edge, at ff. 59r-119v in the lower margin. Black finger stains are detectable passim, see e.g. f. 72r and f. 73r.

Binding

Early modern western binding. Marbled paper over couched-laminate boards. Spine covered with leather, tooled in gold, with title and shelfmark.

Two small pieces of the spine, in the upper and lower part, are missing.

278 × 190 × 24 mm.

History

Provenance and Acquisition

The manuscript was owned by a certain Johannes Capella (fl. 16th century) , whose name can be read at f. 1r although it was deleted. The name of Johannes Capella appears also in the MSS Leiden, Bibliotheek der Rijksuniversiteit, Scal. 71, Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, gr. 2516 and Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, gr. 2262. Jackson (2006) identifies him as a Frenchman living during or soon after the lifetime of Angelos Bergikios (early 16th century-1569).

Given that in the manuscript there are notes by a hand found also in manuscripts which were part of John Moore's collection, and which were previously owned by a J.B. Hautin, Kk.5.28 could possibly have this provenance as well; it could have been owned by a person probably to be identified with Jean Baptiste II Hautin, son of the French scholar and numismatist Jean-Baptiste Hautin (ca. 1580-1640) .

John Moore (1646-1714) , bishop of Ely: no. 985 in the handwritten supplementary list of Moore's manuscripts, now MS Oo.7.50(2), compiled by Thomas Tanner (1674-1735) after the publication of Bernard, Catalogi librorum manuscriptorum Angliæ et Hiberniæ (c. 1697).

Presented to the University Library in 1715 by George I (1660-1727) : donation bookplate engraved by John Pine (1690-1756) in 1736 on f. 1r.

Part 1 [Cambridge, University Library, MS Kk.5.28, ff. 1r-88v]

Contents

Language(s): Greek

1. ff. 1r-88v
Nicomachus, of Gerasa, Introduction to Arithmetic Introductio arithmetica
Incipit: f. 1r Οἱ παλαιοὶ καὶ πρῶτοι μεθοδεύσαντες ἐπιστήμην
Explicit: f. 88v καὶ συμβεβηκότων τοσαῦτα ὡς ἐν πρώτῃ εἰσαγογῇ ἀρκείτω
Final rubric: f. 88v Τέλος ἀριθμητικῆς Νικομάχου Γερασηνοῦ. Τέλος

TLG 0358.001

1.1. ff. 1r-43r
Book 1
Rubric: Νικομάχου Γερασινοῦ[sic] ἀριθμητικῆς τῶν εἰς δύο τὸ πρῶτον

Book 1 ends at R.G. Hoche (ed.), Nicomachi Geraseni Pythagorei Introductionis arithmeticae libri II, Lipsiae 1866, p. 70 l. 15

1.2. ff. 43v-88v
Book 2
Rubric: Νικομάχου Γερασηνοῦ, ἀριθμητικῆς τῶν εἰς δύο, τὸ δεύτερον

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: ff. 1-88 Western paper, folded in folio. Watermark: Cardinal's hat surmounted by a cross with little circles at the ends ( ca. 60 × ca. 44 mm. ), in the centre of the leaf, difficult to see due to the thinness of the paper, but it is comparable, with differences, to L. Mazzoldi, Filigrane di cartiere bresciane, Brescia 1990-1991, 545 , which is dated to 1538.

Collation

Part 1 consists of 11 quaternions with one endleaf

  • Quires 1-118 ff. 1-88

Quire signatures in Greek numerals by the hand of the scribe, in grey ink, on the first leaf of each quire, recto, lower margin, right, from γ΄ (3, f. 17r) to ια΄(11, f. 81r).

Condition

The leaves at the beginning and at the end of the manuscript's part, ff. 1r-2v and 88r-89r are yellowed near the edges and stained. Some humidity and water stains are found at ff. 1r-24r in the upper margin, near the gutter, at ff. 1r-50r in the upper margin, near the right edge, at ff. 59r-88v in the lower margin. Black finger stains passim, see e.g. f. 72r and f. 73r.

Layout

A single column of 19 lines. ca. 130 × 78 mm.

Hand(s)

The text was written by Angelos Bergikios (Ἄγγελος Βεργίκιος, first quarter of the 16th century-1569, RGK I, 3; on the scribe see also RGK II, 3; RGK III, 3) in an elegant and accurate minuscule script, with "baroque" features, slanting slightly to the right. The script shows many ligatures and ornamental features, such as curling flourishes at the strokes' end.

The text is written in grey ink; titles and initials in red.

Hand a: a hand datable probably in the 16th century added marginal annotations in grey ink along the text on ff. 1r-4v. The script is an informal minuscule, slanting to the right, with regular features, probably by a western European hand. It appears to be the same scribe who wrote ff. 36r and vii recto in MS Kk.5.31 (Hand C) and two marginal annotations in MS Ff.6.32 (hand a), as shown by some common features and forms, such as, for example, the ligature epsilon-ny with epsilon in the form of a single rounded stroke, and the ligature formed downward with a loop, kappa traced without removing the pen from the leaf, sometimes with a prolonged curl at the end, the ligatures with omega and alpha from below.

Decoration

On f. 1r there is a plaited frieze in red ink.

Initials in ekthesis in red ink are decorated with a vegetal motif with pearls, see e.g. f. 1r

Additions

Hand a wrote additions, corrections and scholia in the margins at ff. 1r-2r and additions and corrections at ff. 2v-5v in brown ink. They are frequently preceded by abbreviated forms of ‘γράφεται’, see e.g. f. 2r. The scholia are also accompanied by signs such as ‘*’, letters ‘α, β’, placed before them and in the text to indicate the corresponding passage e.g. ff. 1r, 2r.

On f. 1r, above the frieze, is written the name of a former owner, Johannes Capella (see Provenance).

On f. 1r, in the upper margin, a later librarian wrote the manuscript shelfmark ‘ Kk-5-28’.

History

Origin: This part of the manuscript was written by Angelos Bergikios, who lived in the 16th century, between the first quarter and 1569.

Part 2 [Cambridge, University Library, MS Kk.5.28, ff. 89r-119v]

Contents

Language(s): Greek

2. ff. 89r-118v
Nicomachus, of Gerasa, Manual of Harmonics Harmonicum enchiridion
Rubric: f. 89r Νικομάχου Γερασινοῦ[sic] πυθαγορικοῦ ἀρμονικῆς ἐγχειρίδιον ὑπαγορευθὲν ἐξ ὑπογίου[sic] κατὰ τὸ παλαιόν βιβλία β΄
Incipit: f. 89v ⟨ Ε⟩ἰ καὶ πολύχους καθ' ἑαυτὸν καὶ δυσπερίληπτος
Explicit: f. 118v μετὰ τῆς πρώτης ἀφορμῆς
Final rubric: f. 118v Τέλος

TLG 0358.002

ff. 119r-119v are blank

2.1. ff. 89r-89v l. 11
Table of contents
Rubric: Κεφάλαια τῶν ἐν τῷ αῳ βιβλίῳ

At f. 89r the chapters are numbered in the margin in red ink from ‘ α΄’ to ‘ ε΄’, and the initial of each one is written in red ink and placed in ekthesis; at f. 89v instead there are no rubrics

2.2. ff. 89v l. 12-108v
⟨Book 1⟩
Final rubric: f. 108v Τέλος τοῦ αου

At f. 89v there are no rubrics

2.3. ff. 109r-118v
Book 2
Rubric: f. 109r Νικομάχου Γερασηνοῦ πυθαγορικοῦ, ἁρμονικὸν ἐγχειρίδιον, βον

At f. 112v (ed. K. von Jan, Musici scriptores graeci (Lipsiae, 1899), p. 271 l. 16 [=par. 3]) the scribe separated the text from the previous part and wrote a title in red ink: Τοῦ αὐτοῦ Νικομάχου

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: ff. 89-119 Western paper, folded in folio. Watermark: Blessing angel with halo, wearing a tunic ( 48 × ca. 27 mm. ), in the centre of the leaf, without an exact correspondence in the main repertoires.
Foliation: There is a later pagination, added presumably by a later hand, from 12 ( f. 94v) to 62 ( f. 118v), just above the first line of the text, at the centre. It starts from the first leaf of part II of the manuscript, f. 89r.

Collation

Part II consists of 4 quaternions

  • Quires 12-158 ff. 89-119

Quire signatures in Greek numerals by the hand of the scribe, in black ink, on the first leaf of each quire, recto, lower margin, centre, original to the production of the manuscript, from β΄ ( f. 97r) to γ΄( f. 105r)

Condition

The leaves at the beginning and the end of the manuscript's part, ff. 89r and 118r-119v are yellowed near the edges and stained. Some humidity and water stains are found throughout in the lower margin.

Layout

A single column of 19 lines. ca. 130 × 78 mm.

Hand(s)

The text was written by Angelos Bergikios (Ἄγγελος Βεργίκιος, first quarter of the 16th century-1569, RGK I, 3; on the scribe see also RGK II, 3; RGK III, 3) in an elegant and accurate minuscule script, with "baroque" features, slanting slightly to the right. The script shows many ligatures and ornamental features, such as curling flourishes at the strokes' end.

The text is written in black ink; titles and initials in red.

Hand b: another hand added in the margins corrections, alternative readings, annotations and some diagrams, using a grey ink. The script is a minuscule, with features and forms similar to those of Bergikios'. This hand wrote also the pagination on ff. 94v-118v, as it is shown by the coincidence of the forms of the numerals, cfr. e.g. in the pagination and in the marginal annotations ‘4’ and ‘5’ on ff. 109v and 110r.

Decoration

On f. 89r there is a linear frieze with vine leaves in red ink. On f. 109r there is a small undulating linear frieze with leaves in red ink.

Initials in ekthesis in red ink are decorated with a vegetal motif with pearls, at ff. 109r, 112v.

Minor initials in red ink at f. 89r

Additions

Hand b wrote annotations in the margins alongside the text in grey ink. These are indications of topics mentioned in the text (see e.g. f. 93v), corrections of words or passages underlined in the text (see e.g. f. 94r), diagrams (see e.g ff. 93v, 98v, 99r, 99v).

History

Origin: This part of the manuscript was written by Angelos Bergikios, who lived in the 16th century, between the first quarter and 1569. It is not dated. Since the scribe copied the same text also in MS Par. gr. 2457, which was completed in 1537, also the copy of this part of the manuscript could have been made around the same period.

Additional Information

Record Sources

Description (2019) draws partly on A catalogue of the Manuscripts preserved in the Library of the University of Cambridge, vol. 3: Gg-Kk, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1858, p. 697.

Availability

Entry to read in the Library is permitted only on presentation of a valid reader's card. For information on eligibility and admissions procedures, see Joining the Library). For further enquiries, and to confirm the availability of the manuscript, please contact the Special Collections Reading Room.

Bibliography

    A catalogue of the manuscripts preserved in the library of the University of Cambridge, (Cambridge, 3: Gg-Kk, Cambridge University Press, 1858) Musici scriptores graeci, , (Lipsiae, Teubner, 1899) Nicomachus of Gerasa, Introduction to Arithmetic, (New York, The Macmillan Company, 1926) Repertorium der griechischen Kopisten, 800-1600. I. Grossbritannien Veröffentlichungen der Kommission für Byzantinistik, Gamillscheg, ErnstHarlfinger, Dieter (Wien, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1981) Ancient Greek music theory: a catalogue raisonné of manuscripts Ancient Greek music theory International inventory of musical sources. B, Mathiesen, T. J. (München, Henle, 1988) The Greek Manuscripts of John Moore and Etienne Baluze Codices Manuscripti, , (56/57, 29-42, 2006)

Funding of Cataloguing

The Polonsky Foundation

Digital Images

Cambridge Digital Library