Medieval Manuscripts in Cambridge Libraries

A catalogue of Western manuscripts and papyri at Cambridge University Library, the Fitzwilliam Museum and selected Cambridge colleges

Cambridge, University Library, MS Kk.3.18

Bede, Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum (in Old English)

Contents

Introduction: Cambridge, University Library, MS Kk.3.18 (hereafter, MS Kk.3.18) is the youngest surviving copy of the Old English translation of Bede's Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum. Copied during the second half of the eleventh century at Worcester Cathedral Priory, MS Kk.3.18 played an important role in the use of English for pastoral care and preaching in Anglo-Norman England and beyond, as well as in the 'recovery' of Old English in the early modern period. Bede (673-735), a monk at Wearmouth-Jarrow, completed his Historia ecclesiastica in 731. It is the earliest surviving history of early England, from its mythic origins to the arrival and conversion of the Germanic tribes that eventually became the English, and the development of the early English Church. The Old English version of Bede's text was translated anonymously sometime around or before 900. This translation abridges its Latin source by about a third, cutting much of Bede's accounts of Roman Britain, various heresies and controversies, and most of the papal correspondence. Overall, the main translator alters Book I and V the most, but transmits books II-IV almost in their entirety. The end result focuses more on local history, along with key early English saints, kings, and bishops. As we have it, the Old English Historia is the work of at least three translators: the bulk of the main text is the work of the main translator, a divergent section in Book III in three manuscripts is the work of another, and the Preface is the work of yet another, slightly later translator. The chapter headings may also be by another translator; if so, possibly one from the same centre as the main translator. The text survives in five manuscripts (and three brief excerpts) dating from c. 883-930 to c. 1062-95. These are: The contents and arrangement of the Old English text in MS Kk.3.18 are unique amongst the surviving manuscripts: it contains the Preface, a West Saxon Genealogical Regnal List, the list of Chapter Headings, and most of the main text of Bede's Historia. Book II, Chapters 5-7, and Book III, Chapters 19 and 20 (using the numbering from the Historia) are omitted. MS Kk.3.18 contains the alternate translation of Book III, from the end of Chapter 16 through Chapter 18 (MSS O and C also contain this alternate version). Importantly, MS Kk.3.18 is one of only two surviving manuscripts that contain the Preface, chapter headings and all of Books I and V (the other being MS B). MS Kk.3.18 is also the only copy of the Old English Historia in which the West Saxon Genealogical Regnal List survives, although one leaf extracted from MS C now survives as British Library, Additional MS 34652, fol. 2. We do not know whether MS T or MS O, both of which lack beginning and end, ever contained a copy of this List. Although MS Kk.3.18 is primarily the work of one scribe, at least seven additional hands can be seen in it. In 1958, Neil Ker identified the main scribe of MS Kk.3.18 as Hemming, sub-prior at Worcester Cathedral Priory during the episcopacy of Wulfstan II (1062-1095). The hand of this scribe appears in five other manuscripts, and is the second of the three main hands in 'Hemming's Cartulary', a book of charters and records regarding Worcester (now British Library, Cotton MS Tiberius A.xiii). However, both Francesca Tinti and Simon Keynes have suggested that the first hand in 'Hemming's Cartulary', rather than the second, was the historical person, Hemming. Unless further evidence comes to light, we cannot be certain whether the main text of MS Kk.3.18 was copied by Hemming himself, or his associate. That being said, the main hand in MS Kk.3.18 copied the main text in English Vernacular Minuscule; this scribe is also responsible for most of the titles and rubrications, which are mostly in rubricated capitals. The text of MS Kk.3.18 was copied from MS O, but also compared to - and sometimes corrected - against a manuscript like MS B. The presence of the alternate translation in Book III in MS Kk.3.18, for example, is marked with a red 'EFT oðer cƿ̅' ('then the other passage', f. 39v / l. 27). This is about eleven lines late (the alternate translation begins after 'forbærnan wolde' in l. 16), but it is unique in this family of manuscripts of the Old English Historia. The ending is marked '⁊ eft oðer cwide' ('and afterwards the other passage', f. 40v / l. 29), also in red. Why the scribes of MS Kk.3.18 marked the passage, but did not restore the missing two chapters remains an open question. A few near contemporaries of the main scribe also glossed or annotated MS Kk.3.18. One of these was Coleman (d. 1113), a monk from Worcester who served as chancellor to Wulfstan II in 1089. Coleman's hand also appears in several other manuscripts. In MS Kk.3.18, he wrote his name in code in the left margin of f. 87v. He also added several notes in the margins, including directions to readers on the same folio, along with a number of glosses, scribbles, notes, and titles to Book V, Chapters 7 and 8 (ff. 84v and 85r). Coleman seemed to be especially interested in Dryhthelm's vision, which is an account of a man who retires to a monastery to live a life of penance after he dies for a night and has a vision of the afterlife. Two other scribes from the second half of the eleventh century glossed and corrected MS Kk.3.18 (ff. 38v / ll. 3-6 and 20v / l. 26, respectively). Another glossator working in a pointed hand from the very beginning of the thirteenth century added interlinear glosses in Latin on ff. 8v and 67r. We do not know the identity of these scribes, and their work has not yet been identified in other manuscripts. But, another well known Latin glossator, the 'Tremulous Hand' of Worcester glossed ff. 8v-99r extensively around 1225. The 'Tremulous Hand' is a name given my modern scholars to a person (perhaps, Franzen suggests, a Latin Master), who glossed and annotated at least twenty Old English manuscripts. Somewhat like Coleman's additions, many glosses by the Tremulous Hand focus on parts of the text that are didactic and penitential. Both Coleman and the Tremulous Hand may have used the Old English Historia as a vernacular source for preaching and/or teaching materials in a period during which there was growing interest in penance and confession, issues that became increasingly important after the Fourth Lateran Council of 1215. In addition to containing evidence of the continued use of Old English in Worcester through the thirteenth century, MS Kk.3.18 played a prominent role in the 'recovery' of Old English in the sixteenth century and later. It was read and used by prominent scholars including Robert Talbot (c. 1505-58), Matthew Parker (1504-75), John Joscelyn (1529-1603), and Abraham Wheelock (1593-1624). Talbot was the first known person after the Dissolution of the monasteries to study manuscripts containing Old English. He added chapter numbers (collating with the Latin Historia) on ff. 12r and 14v, and added glosses and annotations on 10r and 14r (where he also practices writing 'woden' in his version of early English script), interventions that suggest an interest in the conversion of the Germanic tribes. Matthew Parker, archbishop of Canterbury 1559-75, owned MS Kk.3.18 and it is the third item in the list of manuscripts he donated to Cambridge University Library in 1574. His name appears at the top of folio 3r. Parker collected Old English manuscripts avidly, seeking to demonstrate that the practices of the young Church of England were grounded in the practices of the Church in early medieval England. The use of orange-red crayon (such as for the chapter numbers) was characteristic of Parker and his circle of scholars, a member of which probably also wrote the couplet about the Old English Historia being translated by King Alfred (reg. 871-899) (f. 99v; this is almost identical to the one at the top of the former pastedown that is now f. i verso). John Joscelyn, Latin Secretary to Parker, was also an avid lexicographer. He created word lists of Old English using MS Kk.3.18, and clearly cross-referenced it against MS B, as well as the original Latin version of the Historia. Finally, Abraham Wheelock (1593-1624), the first to hold a lectureship in British and Saxon Ecclesiastical and Political Antiquities at the University of Cambridge, used MS Kk.3.18 as the basis for his 1643 edition, in which he prints the Latin and Old English Historia in parallel columns. Wheelock's is the first printed edition of the Old English text, and the first English edition of Bede's Latin text. Among other things, Wheelock collated MS Kk.3.18 against MS B (in the left margin of f. 8v, for example), and added chapter numberings and index entries (f. 99v). Wheelock, like many before him, believed that the Old English Historia was translated by King Alfred. The prominent red couplets at the beginning and end of MS Kk.3.18, combined with the other later notes citing the authority of Ælfric of Eynsham (c. 955-c. 1010) on the former pastedowns (ff. i verso and ii recto), and the presence of the West Saxon Genealogical Regnal List, go a long way to support this idea. However, since the work of Henry Sweet and Thomas Miller, among others, it now seems likely that the Old English Historia was produced outside Alfred's programme of translation (in a Mercian dialect of Old English, rather than Alfred's early West Saxon dialect), but then was swept up into that programme, perhaps via the addition of the Preface and Genealogical List, in the late eighth or early ninth century. What remains very clear, however, is that in MS Kk.3.18, the monks at Worcester Cathedral Priory created a beautiful manuscript that was used for pastoral and educational purposes, transmitted the Old English text to later audiences, and captured the close attention of some of the most prominent early modern scholars of the Old English language and of early English history. Sharon M. Rowley|Christopher Newport University

Physical Description

Secundo Folio: 4r: ceolƿulf
Form: codex
Support: Parchment
Extent: Codex: iii + 97 + iv leaves. 315-320 × 220-230 mm.
Foliation:

20th-century foliation

i, 1-2 + 3-99 + 100-102, ii

Written in pencil in the upper right-hand corner of the rectos by an unidentified hand of the 20th century.
Foliation:

Mid-16th-century pagination:

1-193 (for ff. 3-99)

Written in red/orange crayon in the upper right-hand corner of the rectos (thus, odd numbers only), by one of the secretaries of Matthew Parker.

Collation

18 (3rd and 6th leaves singletons) 2-8 8 98 (3rd and 6th leaves singletons) 10-118 128+1 (8th leaf inserted)

Additions

Notes in ink (f. i verso) and towards an alphabetical index (ff. 1r-2v and 100r-102r, but beginning on blank space on f. 99v), and marginal annotations in pencil (ff. 4r-6r and elsewhere) by the hand of Abraham Wheelocke (1593-1653) , University Librarian 1629-53. Many of these relate to his collation of the manuscript against the 1601 Cologne edition of the Latin Historia ecclesiastica, as noted at the top of f. i verso. Wheelock used MS Kk.3.18 as the base text for his 1643 edition.

Modern bifolium signatures on the recto of the first leaf of each quire only (a-m), and '+' on the recto of the leaf of the second half of each quire, written in pencil by Henry Bradshaw, University Librarian 1867-1886.

Collation formula by the hand of H.L. Pink, on the inside of the inside of the rear cover.

Binding

Full red leather over wooden boards (but uncertain whether these were retained from the 16th-century binding, given the form of binding described by M.R. James - see below). Douglas Cockerell and Son, Grantchester, December 1966 (inscription on the front pastedown by H.L. Pink and device blind-tooled in bottom right-hand corner of turn-in on the inside of the rear cover).

'Binding of s. xviii' (i.e. 18th-century) when seen by Ker in 1957. Described further by M.R. James between 1926 and 1930: 'marbled paper boards; an oldish title shows through the paper' (see Data Source(s) for further details).

Endleaves added to the front and rear of the manuscript (ff. 1-2, 100-102), for an alphabetical index (see Additions for further details).

Evidence preserved within the manuscript (endleaves bearing four friction-holes and rust stains, suggesting the presence formerly of two clasps, four corner-bosses and a chain staple) indicates that the manuscript was previously bound in similar style to that of the binding on other manuscripts donated to the University Library by Matthew Parker (for an example, see: MS Ii.2.4). (See Acquisition for further details).

Prior to the manuscript's possession by Matthew Parker, it may have been in the hands of Robert Talbot (1505/06-1558), antiquary, and it may be the manuscript referred to him as 'my old saxonice bede de historia ecclesia gentis Anglorum that is with owt bordes...' (i.e. unbound or in a limp parchment cover) in a note in London, British Library, Cotton MS Domitian A.ix (f. 11r). (See Provenance and Additions in Part 2 for further details).

History

Provenance and Acquisition

Presented to the University Library in 1574 by Matthew Parker (1504-1575) , archbishop of Canterbury (his name and the total number of pages inscribed on f. 3r). No. 3 in the list of 25 'Libri Scripti in pergameno' published to commemorate Parker's gift (see Early catalogues of manuscripts, up to c. 1600).

Part 1: Former pastedowns (first section) [Cambridge, University Library, MS Kk.3.18, ff. i and ii]

Contents

1. i recto
Fragment of a legal document
Language(s): Latin

Folios i and ii are now endleaves but were previously pastedowns in the 16th-century binding (see Binding, in main description). They are parts of a legal document of that period concerning a case heard in the consistory court of Norwich. Fragments from the same document are also to be found in the bindings of three other manuscripts formerly in the possession of Matthew Parker:

Other such documents were similarly re-used in the bindings of manuscripts donated by Parker to Cambridge University Library in 1574 (see, for example, MS Dd.1.11).

Graham (1997), p. 303
2. i verso
Poem, 'Me legat annales' Dracontius
Language(s): Latin
Incipit: i verso: Me legat annales cupiat qui noscere menses
Explicit: i verso: Ver estas autumnus hiems redit annus in annum

Extract from the Satisfactio, written by the same late 16th-century hand as the following item. Erroneously attributed to Bede in Oxford, St John's College, MS 17.

ICL 9480
WIC 10828, 13284
eTK 0853L
Baehrens (1876), pp. 96-101
Cordoliani (1961), p. 195
Lapidge (1982)
3. i verso
Distich, 'Hos claros versus'
Language(s): Latin
Byhrtferth
Incipit: i verso: Hos claros uersus, venerabilis edidit auctor / Beda sacer multum nitido sermone coruscans

Full transcription.

Written by the same late 16th-century as the preceding item. Also found in Oxford, St John's College, MS 17. It has been attributed to Byhrtferth by Michael Lapidge on the basis of similarities in diction to two other verse rubrics in this manuscript.

AL 676n.
ICL 7219
Lapidge (1982)
Baker and Lapidge (1995), pp. xxxi-xxxii

Physical Description

Form: roll
Support: Parchment
Extent: Fragment, comprising two portions of a legal document: 2 leaves.

Condition

Friction holes and rust-staining commensurate with the presence of metal furniture (see Binding in main description).

Hand(s)

Written in an early modern secretary script.

History

Origin: 16th century (before 1574). ; England, probably Norwich.

Part 2: Bede, Historia ecclesiastica (in Old English) [Cambridge, University Library, MS Kk.3.18, ff. 1-102]

Contents

4. 3r-99r
Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum (Old English) Bede
Language(s): Old English, with rubrics in Old English and Latin

Aside from fragments and later transcriptions, there are four other surviving copies of the Old English Historia ecclesiastica:

This manuscript preserves a largely faithful copy of Oxford, Corpus Christi College, MS 279B (MS 'O'), missing only a few of the later corrections. It has the same gaps in Books II and III and the same alternative translation in Book III but is otherwise a complete copy of the text.

Wheelock (1643), using this manuscript
Smith ([1722]), using this manuscript
Miller (1890-98), MS 'Ca'
Schipper (1897-99), MS 'Ca'
4.1. 3r-3v
Prologue
Incipit: 3r: Ic Beda Cristes þeoƿ and mæsse preost sende gretan þone leofastan cyning ˥ halettan ceolƿulf
Explicit: 3v: ƿisan ge mete oððe gehyre þat he me þat neot ƿite
4.2. 3v-4r
Genealogy of West Saxon kings, to Alfred
Incipit: 3v: Ða ƿær agangen fram cristes acennednysse
Explicit: 4r: ƿest seaxna land on ƿealum ge eodon
Dumville (1986), MS 'V'
4.3. 4r-8r
List of chapters

Rubrics in Latin and Old English

Whitelock (1974)
4.4. 8v-99r
Text
Rubric: 8v: Gloriosissimo regi Ceolƿulfo Beda famulus Christi et presbyter . historiam gentis Anglorum ecclesiasticam quam nuper edideram libentissimae tibi desideranti rex et prius ad legendum ac probandum transmisi
Incipit: 8v: Breoton is garsecges ealond þæt ƿæs iugeara Albion haten
Explicit: 99r: þæt ic mid eallum ðone ƿæstm arfæstre ðrngunge ge mete

No chapter headings, but the chapters are numbered in red.

Book 2 begins on f. 17v; Book 3 on f. 28v; Interrogationes Augustini on f. 47v; Book 4 on f. 53r; Book 5 on f. 80v.

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: Parchment (HFFH)
Extent: Codex: 96 leaves.

Collation

  • Quire 18 (ff. 3-10; 3rd and 6th leaves are singletons)
  • Quires 2-8 8 (ff. 11-66)
  • Quire 98 (ff. 67-74: 3rd and 6th leaves are singletons)
  • Quires 10-118 (ff. 75-90)
  • Quire 128+1 (ff. 91-99: 8th leaf, f. 98, inserted)

No leaf signatures.

No quire signatures.

No catchwords.

Condition

Numerous holes, present before the text was copied (see: ff. 45, 64, 70, 88, 89, 94, 95, 99).

Many of the leaves are stained; see, for example, the upper margins of ff. 94v-99v, which appear to have suffered water damage. There are red stains on f. 87r-87v.

Layout

265 × 165 mm. Ruled in hardpoint, frame and line. Single columns, 30 lines to the page, written above top line.

Hand(s)

For further details of scribal hands in this volume, see the description of the manuscript provided by The Production and Use of English Manuscripts, 1060-1220.

Written in English vernacular minuscule by a single hand, identified by Neil Ker as Hemming , monk and sub-prior of Worcester Cathedral Priory. Hemming was also responsible for making numerous additions and interlinear glosses, and his hand has furthermore been identified in five other manuscripts and a charter. However, Francesca Tinti and Simon Keynes have both suggested that the first hand in 'Hemming's Cartulary', rather than the second, was Hemming himself, so an alternative possibility is that MS Kk.3.18 was copied by an associate of Hemming's.

Ker (1948), pp. 57, 72
Ker (1957), p. lvi

Latin rubrics and running headers are written in rustic capitals. The opening line of the prologue, and the opening two lines of Book One are written in a display script resembling rustic capitals, but less formal in execution and with Insular letterforms.

Glosses and alterations written in Caroline minuscule, and titles to Book 5, Chapters 7 and 8 written in rustic capitals (ff. 84v-85r, by Coleman (d. ?1113), chancellor and chaplain to St Wulfstan (c. 1008-1095), bishop of Worcester. Coleman's hand has been identified in seven other manuscripts associated with Worcester. In the margin of f. 87v, the letters 'mbn' by his hand are the final part of his name in cipher, where the vowels have been replaced by the following consonant (i.e. '[cplf]mbn' for 'coleman'). Similar cipher-signatures appear in Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 162, p. 142 (margin).

Ker (1949)
Stoneman (1987)
Johnson and Rudolf (2010)

Interlinear and marginal glosses in Latin, written in a gothic minuscule script, by the so-called 'Tremulous Hand', a scribe associated with Worcester whose additions to at least twenty Worcester manuscripts (some now divided into two parts) have been dated to c. 1225-1250.

Ker (1937)
Franzen (1991)
Collier (2000)

Decoration

Three-line initial in red at the beginning of the main text (f. 8v) and two- or one-line initials at the beginning of the prologue, list of chapters, and the chapters themselves, alternating in a metallic red and purple. Some initials, especially Ð, are filled in with red.

Additions

The manuscript contains many additional contemporary corrections, glosses and alternations by at least two hands. There are further additions by two identifiable scribes: 'Coleman' and the 'Tremulous Hand' (see Script for further details).

Glosses and marginalia identified by Timothy Graham as being by the hand of Robert Talbot (1505/06-1558) , antiquary:

  • f. 10r: between lines 12 and 13, gloss 'vestem regalem' over the last portion of the compound 'cynegewædum'
  • f. 12r: l. 7, chapter number 'viij'; l. 24, chapter number 'xj'
  • f. 14r: l. 19, 'angulus' lightly underlined, with note in margin 'Anglia in germania quondam vbi'; l. 23, 'ƿoden' lightly underlined, with notes in margin 'ƿoð' (crossed out) and 'ƿoden'
  • f. 14v: l. 14: chapter number 'xvj'

(See Provenance for further details).

Marginal note by an unidentified 16th-/early 17th-century hand on f. 19v, drawing attention to the use of the Old English Bede by John Jewel (1522-1571) in his Defense of the Apologie (1571).

History

Origin: Second half of the 11th century. ; Worcester.

Made at Worcester Cathedral Priory by Hemming, monk and sub-prior, or an associate of his (see Script for further details and references).

Provenance

Glosses, alterations and additions by Coleman (d. ?1113), chancellor and chaplain to St Wulfstan (c. 1008-1095), confirming the presence of the manuscript at Worcester Cathedral Priory during the later 11th-early 12th centuries (see Script for further details and references).

Numerous marginal and interlinear glosses by the so-called 'Tremulous Hand' confirm that the manuscript remained at Worcester Cathedral Priory during the 13th century (see Script for further details and references).

Annotated, and perhaps owned, by Robert Talbot (1505/06-1558) , antiquary. This may be the 'Old Saxonice Bede' to which Talbot referred in a note in London, British Library, Cotton MS Domitian A.ix (f. 11r). (See Additions for further details).

Graham (1997)

Matthew Parker (1504-1575) , archbishop of Canterbury: partial pagination and chapter numbering in characteristic red/orange crayon.

Part 1: Former pastedowns (second section) [Cambridge, University Library, MS Kk.3.18, ff. i and ii]

Contents

5. ii recto
Notes on King Alfred's translations
Language(s): Latin

Written by a late 16th-century hand.

6. ii verso
Fragment of a legal document
Language(s): Latin

Folios i and ii are now endleaves but were previously pastedowns in the 16th-century binding (see Binding, in main description). They are parts of a legal document of that period concerning a case heard in the consistory court of Norwich. Fragments from the same document are also to be found in the bindings of three other manuscripts formerly in the possession of Matthew Parker:

Other such documents were similarly re-used in the bindings of manuscripts donated by Parker to Cambridge University Library in 1574 (see, for example, MS Dd.1.11).

Graham (1997), p. 303

Physical Description

Form: roll
Support: Parchment
Extent: Fragment, comprising two portions of a legal document: 2 leaves.

Condition

Friction holes and rust-staining commensurate with the presence of metal furniture (see Binding in main description).

Hand(s)

Written in an early modern secretary script.

History

Origin: 16th century (before 1574). ; England, probably Norwich.

Additional Information

Record Sources

The catalogue entry draws on a description of the manuscript by Takako Kato (with the assistance of Hollie Morgan) for The Production and Use of English Manuscripts, 1060-1220. It also draws on the description published in N.R. Ker, Catalogue of manuscripts containing Anglo-Saxon, rev. ed. (Oxford, 1990) and an unpublished description of the manuscript composed between 1926 and 1930 by M.R. James , now held in the University Archives (UA ULIB 7/3/74).

Availability

Entry to read in the Library is permitted only on presentation of a valid reader's card. For information on eligibility and admissions procedures, see Joining the Library). For further enquiries, and to confirm the availability of the manuscript, please contact the Special Collections Reading Room.

Custodial History

Former University Library classmarks: '#D.δ.6' (f. i verso and '241' (f. 1r.

Bibliography

    Manuscript descriptions:

    A catalogue of the manuscripts preserved in the library of the University of Cambridge, (Cambridge, 3: Gg-Kk, Cambridge University Press, 1858) Hemming's cartulary: A description of two Worcester cartularies in Cotton Tiberius A.xiii Studies in medieval history presented to Frederick Maurice Powicke, Ker, N.R. (Oxford, 49-75, Clarendon Press, 1948) Old English notes signed 'Coleman' Medium Aevum, Ker, N.R. (18, 27-30, 1949) Catalogue of manuscripts containing Anglo-Saxon, Ker, N.R. (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1957) Medieval libraries of Great Britain: a list of surviving books Royal Historical Society guides and handbooks, Ker, N.R. (London, Offices of the Royal Historical Society, 1964) Manuscripts from Anglo-Saxon England: an exhibition in the University Library Cambridge to mark the conference of the International Society of Anglo-Saxonists, August 1985, (Cambridge, Cambridge University Library, 1985) The West Saxon Genealogical Regnal List: Manuscripts and Texts Anglia, Dumville, David N. (104, 1-32, 1986, http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN338212566_0104&physid=phys10) Another Old English note signed 'Coleman' Medium Ævum, Stoneman, W. (56, 78-82, 1987) Old English verse texts from many sources: a comprehensive collection Early English manuscripts in facsimile, Robinson, Fred C.Stanley, E.G. (Copenhagen, Rosenkilde and Bagger, 1991) English Caroline script and monastic history: studies in Benedictinism, A.D. 950-1030 Studies in Anglo-Saxon history, Dumville, D.N. (Woodbridge, Boydell Press, 1993) Catalogue of sources for a linguistic atlas of early medieval English, Laing, Margaret (Cambridge, D.S. Brewer, 1993) Matthew Parker and his books: Sandars lectures in bibliography delivered on 14, 16, and 18 May 1990 at the University of Cambridge Sandars lectures, Page, R.I. (Kalamazoo, Mich.; Cambridge, Medieval Institute Publications; Research Group on Manuscript Evidence, Parker Library, Corpus Christi College, 1993) The manuscripts of early Norman England (c.1066-1130), Gameson, Richard (Oxford, Published for the British Academy by Oxford University Press, 1999) Hemming The Blackwell encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England, Keynes, Simon (Oxford, 231-232, Blackwell, 1999) From episcopal conception to monastic compilation: Hemming's Cartulary in context Early Medieval Europe, Tinti, Francesca (11, 3, 233-261, 2002) The boundaries between verse and prose in Old English literature Old English Literature in its Manuscript Context edited by Joyce Tally Lionarons. Medieval European studies, Bredehoft, T.A. (Morgantown, W. Va., 139-172, West Virginia University Press, 2004) Nostalgia and the rhetoric of lack: the missing exemplar for Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, Manuscript 41 Old English Literature in its Manuscript Context edited by Joyce Tally Lionarons. Medieval European studies, Rowley, Sharon M. (Morgantown, W. Va., 11-36, West Virginia University Press, 2004) St Wulfstan, the library of Worcester and the spirituality of the medieval book St. Wulfstan and his world Studies in early medieval Britain, Gameson, Richard (Aldershot, 59-104, Ashgate, 2005) Guide to scripts used in English writings up to 1500, Roberts, Jane (London, British Library, 2005) Bishops and their texts in the later eleventh century: Worcester and Exeter Essays in manuscript geography: vernacular manuscripts of the English West Midlands from the Conquest to the sixteenth century Medieval texts and cultures of Northern Europe, Treharne, Elaine M. (Turnhout, 13-28, Brepols, 2007) Glosses and notes in Anglo-Saxon manuscripts Working with Anglo-Saxon manuscripts Exeter medieval texts and studies, Graham, T. (Exeter, 159-203, University of Exeter Press, 2009) More notes by Coleman Medium Ævum, Johnson, David F.Rudolf, Winfried (79, 1, 1-13, 2010) English vernacular script Cambridge history of the book in Britain, Crick, Julia C. (Cambridge, 1, 174-186, Cambridge University Press, 2011, https://doi-org.ezp.lib.cam.ac.uk/10.1017/CHOL9780521583459.007) The material fabric of early British books The Cambridge history of the book in Britain, Gameson, Richard (Cambridge, 1: c. 400-1100, 13-93, Cambridge University Press, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521583459.003) The Old English version of Bede's <hi rend="italics">Historia ecclesiastica</hi> Anglo-Saxon studies, Rowley, Sharon M. (Cambridge, D.S. Brewer, 2011) The addition and use of running titles in manuscripts containing Old English New Medieval Literatures, Rudolf, Winfried (13, 49-97, 2011) A conspectus of scribal hands writing English, 960-1100 Publications of the Manchester Centre for Anglo-Saxon studies, Scragg, D.G. (Cambridge, D.S. Brewer, 2012)

Bibliography

    Editions:

    Historiae ecclesiasticae gentis Anglorum libri V ... ab rege Alvredo examinati, ejusque paraphrasi Saxonica eleganter explicati: una cum annotationibus ... quibus Saxonicam Chronologiam ... contexuimus, (Cambridge, 1643) Historiae ecclesiasticae gentis Anglorum libri quinque, Smith, John (Cantabrigiæ, Typis Academicis, 1722) Zur lateinischen Anthologie Rheinisches Museum für Philologie, Baehrens, E. (31, 89-104, 1876) The Old English version of Bede's <hi rend="italics">Ecclesiastical history of the English people</hi> The Early English Text Society. Original series, (London, 95, 96, 110, 111, N. Trübner and Co., 1890) König Alfreds Übersetzung von Bedas Kirchengeschichte Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Prosa, Schipper, Jacob (Leipzig, G. H. Wigand, 1897, http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/9200143/7F3DE585812DC92E18F5156B5EEAF30E58FEAB14.html) Adversaria zu Anthologia 676 Antidosis: Festschrift für W. Kraus zum 70. Geburtstag / hrsg. von R. Hanslik, A. Lesky, H. Schwabl. Wiener Studien, Bieler, Ludwig (Wien, 41-48, Böhlau, 1972) The list of chapter-headings in the Old English Bede Old English Studies in Honour of John C. Pope Heritage, Whitelock, Dorothy (Toronto, 263-284, University of Toronto Press, 1974, https://doi-org.ezp.lib.cam.ac.uk/10.3138/9781442632714) Byrhtferth of Ramsey and the early sections of the <hi rend="italics">Historia Regum</hi> attributed to Symeon of Durham Anglo-Saxon England, Lapidge, Michael (10, 97-122, 1982, https://www.jstor.org/stable/44510749) Byrhtferth of Ramsey and the early sections of the <hi rend="italics">Historia Regum</hi> attributed to Symeon of Durham Anglo-Saxon England, Lapidge, Michael (10, 97-122, 1982, https://www.jstor.org/stable/44510749) The West Saxon Genealogical Regnal List: Manuscripts and Texts Anglia, Dumville, David N. (104, 1-32, 1986, http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN338212566_0104&physid=phys10) Byrhtferth's <hi rend="italics">Enchiridion</hi> Early English Text Society / Supplementary series, (Oxford, Published for the Early English Text Society by the Oxford University Press, 1995)

Bibliography

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    The date of the 'Tremulous' Worcester hand Leeds Studies in English, Ker, N.R. (6, 28-29, 1937) The dispersal of the monastic libraries and the beginning of Anglo-Saxon studies: Matthew Parker and his circle. A preliminary study Transactions of the Cambridge Bibliographical Society, Wright, C.E. (1, 3, 208-237, 1951) Runica manuscripta: the English tradition Werken uitgegeven door de Faculteit van de Letteren en Wijsbegeerte, Derolez, René (Brugge, De Tempel, 1954) Contribution à la littérature du comput ecclésiastique au haut moyen age [pt. 2] Studi medievali, Cordoliani, Alfred (3rd ser., 2, 167-208, 1961) Abraham Wheelock's edition of Bede's <hi rend="italics">History</hi> in Old English Studia Neophilologica: A Journal of Germanic and Romance Languages and Literature, Murphy, Michael (39, 1, 46-59, 1967) Medieval history in the Tudor age, McKisack, May (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1971) Anglo-Saxon texts in early modern transcripts Transactions of the Cambridge Bibliographical Society, Page, R.I. (6, 2, 69-85, 1973, https://www.jstor.org/stable/41154519) Laurence Nowell's transcript of BM Cotton Otho B. xi Anglo-Saxon England, Grant, Raymond J. S. (3, 111-124, 1974, http://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/anglo-saxon-england/article/laurence-nowells-transcript-of-bm-cotton-otho-b-xi/761FFFC368E877B0C668959B500E79EA) Middle English in Old English manuscripts Chaucer and Middle English studies in honour of Rossell Hope Robbins, Cameron, A.F. (London, 218-229, Allen & Unwin, 1974) Leland's transcript of Ælfric's <hi rend="italics">Glossary</hi> Anglo-Saxon England, Buckalew, Ronald E. (7, 149-64, 1978) A bibliography of publications on Old English literature to the end of 1972, Greenfield, Stanley B. (Manchester, University Press, 1980) The Old English Bede From Bede to Alfred. Studies in Early Anglo-Saxon Literature and History Collected Studies, Whitelock, Dorothy (London, Essay VIII:57-90, Variorum Reprints, 1980) On the presumed date and possible origin of the manuscript of the <hi rend="italics">Ormulum</hi>: Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Junius 1 Five Hundred Years of Words and Sounds: a Festschrift for Eric Dobson, Parkes, Malcolm B. (Cambridge, 115-127, D.S. Brewer, 1983) Winchester und der spätaltenglische Sprachgebrauch: Untersuchungen zur geographischen und zeitlichen Verbreitung altenglischer Synonyme Texte und Untersuchungen zur englischen Philologie, Hofstetter, Walter (München, Fink, 1987) Orality and the developing text of Caedmon's Hymn Speculum: A Journal of Medieval Studies, O'Keeffe, Katherine O'Brien (62, 1, 1-20, 1987) The tremulous hand of Worcester: a study of Old English in the thirteenth century, Franzen, Christine (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1991) Kentish - and Old English texts from Kent Words, texts and manuscripts: studies in Anglo-Saxon culture presented to Helmut Gneuss on the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday, Seebold, Elmar (Cambridge, 409-434, D.S. Brewer, 1992) The Venerable Bede and the 'Church of the English' The English Religious Tradition and the Genius of Anglicanism, Wormald, Patrick (Wantage, 13-32, Ikon Productions, 1992) English Caroline script and monastic history: studies in Benedictinism, A.D. 950-1030 Studies in Anglo-Saxon history, Dumville, D.N. (Woodbridge, Boydell Press, 1993) Book production and decoration at Worcester in the tenth and eleventh centuries St. Oswald of Worcester: life and influence Studies in the early history of Britain, Gameson, Richard (London, 194-243, Leicester University Press, 1996) Robert Talbot's 'Old Saxonice Bede': Cambridge University Library MS Kk.3.18 and the Alphabetum Norwagicum of British Library, Cotton MS Domitian A.IX Books and collectors, 1200-1700: essays presented to Andrew Watson The British Library studies in the history of the book, Graham, Timothy (London, 295-316, British Library, 1997) A testimonye of verye ancient tyme? Some manuscript models for the Parkerian Anglo-Saxon type-designs Of the Making of Books: Medieval Manuscripts, their Scribes and Readers. Essays presented to M.B. Parkes, Lucas, Peter J. (Aldershot, 147-88, Scolar Press, 1997) English book collections in the late eleventh and early twelfth century: Symeon's Durham and its context Symeon of Durham: historian of Durham and the North Studies in North-Eastern history, Gameson, Richard (Stamford, 230-253, Shaun Tyas, 1998) The Tremulous Worcester hand and Gregory's Pastoral Care Rewriting Old English in the twelfth century Cambridge studies in Anglo-Saxon England, Collier, Wendy (Cambridge, 195-208, Cambridge University Press, 2000) The recovery of Old English: Anglo-Saxon studies in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries Publications of the Richard Rawlinson Center, Graham, Timothy (Kalamazoo, MI., Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University, 2000) Old English prose translations of King Alfred's reign Annotated bibliographies of Old and Middle English literature, Waite, Gregory (Woodbridge, Brewer, 2000) Textual Histories: readings in the Anglo-Saxon chronicle, Bredehoft, Thomas A. (Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 2001) The boundaries between verse and prose in Old English literature Old English Literature in its Manuscript Context edited by Joyce Tally Lionarons. Medieval European studies, Bredehoft, T.A. (Morgantown, W. Va., 139-172, West Virginia University Press, 2004) Nostalgia and the rhetoric of lack: the missing exemplar for Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, Manuscript 41 Old English Literature in its Manuscript Context edited by Joyce Tally Lionarons. Medieval European studies, Rowley, Sharon M. (Morgantown, W. Va., 11-36, West Virginia University Press, 2004) Abraham Wheelock and the Presentation of Anglo-Saxon: From Manuscript to Print Beatus vir: studies in early English and Norse manuscripts: in memory of Phillip Pulsiano Medieval and Renaissance texts and studies, Lucas, P.J. (Tempe, 383-439, ACMRS (Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies), 2006) 'Painted with the colour of ancientie': two early modern versions of Bede's <hi rend="italics">Historia ecclesiastica</hi> The Medieval Translator / Traduire au Moyen Age, Chai-Elsholz, Raeleen (10, 179-191, 2007) The Old English Bede: English ideology or Christian instruction? English Historical Review, Molyneaux, George (124, 511, 1289-1323, 2009) Exeter scribes in Cambridge, University Library, MS Ii.2.11 + Exeter Book folios 0, 1-7 New Medieval Literatures, Kato, Takako (13, 5-21, 2011) The problem of grade in English vernacular minuscule, c. 1060 to 1220 New Medieval Literatures, Stokes, Peter A. (13, 23-47, 2011) The Old English translation of Bede's <hi rend="italics">Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum</hi> in its historical and cultural context Göttinger Schriften zur englischen Philologie, Lemke, Andreas (Göttingen, Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2015) The Preface to the Old English Bede: authorship, transmission, and connection with the West Saxon Genealogical Regnal List Anglo-Saxon England, Waite, Greg (44, 31-93, 2015) Reconstructing Burnt Anglo-Saxon Fragments in the Cotton Collection at the British Library Fragmentology: A Journal for the Study of Medieval Manuscript Fragments, Dunning, AndrewHudson, AlisonDuffy, Christina (1, 7-37, 2018)

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