Medieval Manuscripts in Cambridge Libraries

A catalogue of Western manuscripts and papyri at Cambridge University Library, the Fitzwilliam Museum and selected Cambridge colleges

Cambridge, University Library, MS Ff.1.25(3)

William of Malmesbury, Historia novella

Contents

Introduction: This manuscript contains a 16th-century copy of William of Malmesbury's Historia novella (Contemporary history). William's last work, written between 1140 and 1443, was commissioned by Robert, 1st earl of Gloucester (before 1100-1147), and it relates the dramatic contemporary events of the succession dispute between King Stephen and Empress Matilda, which descended into civil war. It is one of the most important sources for the history of the conflict. William was well-connected and well-informed - even, on occasion, an eyewitness to the events he describes. This copy was commissioned by Matthew Parker (1504-1575), archbishop of Canterbury, in order to augment a collection of other historical texts by both William and other authors that he was assembling. As this shows, Parker was not only a collector of manuscripts: he also used them, annotating and cross-referencing, rebinding and rearranging the books that he owned. This copy was made from a 12th-century manuscript owned by John Whitgift (?1530/31-1604), now Cambridge, Trinity College, MS R.7.10. The description of the manuscript in the list of Parker's donations confirms that this and the other additions were at that time bound together with the copy of the Gesta pontificum Anglorum (now MS Ff.1.25(1)) in a single volume. They remained in this state until 1862, whereupon they were divided into five separate volumes, all of which are now available to view on the Cambridge Digital Library: Dr Suzanne Paul|Keeper of Rare Books and Early Manuscripts|Cambridge University Library

Language(s): Latin

1r-22v
Historia novella
Language(s): Latin
William of Malmesbury
Rubric: 1r: Incipit prologus Willelmi monachi in novella historia Anglorum ad Robertum comitem Glocestrensem
Incipit: 1r: Domino amantissimo Roberto filio regis Henrici et consuli Glocestrensi, Williamus bibliothecarius Malmesberie, post emerita trophea in terris triumphare in caelis.
Explicit: 22v Quae tamen latius persequi fert animus si unquam, dante deo, ab his qui interfuere veritatem accepero. Finis.

A direct copy of Cambridge, Trinity College, MS R.7.10.

Book 2 starts on f. 7v and Book 3 on f. 13v.

Physical Description

Secundo Folio: 2r: avunculus
Form: codex
Support: Parchment (HFHF)
Extent: Codex: ix + 22 + ix leaves. The nine modern paper endleaves at the front and rear have not been photographed. 270 × 190 mm.
Foliation:

19th-century foliation

[a-i] + 1-22 + [k-s]

Written in pencil in the upper right-hand corner of the recto side of each leaf, probably by Henry Bradshaw, University Librarian 1867-1886.
Foliation:

16th-century pagination

193-235

Page numbers written in Parkerian red/orange crayon in the upper right-hand corner of the recto side of each leaf only (see Provenance for further details).

Collation

  • Quires 1-28 (ff. 1-16)
  • Quire 36 (ff. 17-22)

1-28 36

No leaf signatures.

No quire signatures.

No catchwords.

Layout

225 × 150 mm. Ruled in leadpoint, frame only. Single column, 30-31 lines to the page, written above top line.

Hand(s)

Written in Elizabethan Secretary script, with a Bastard Secretary script of a larger module used for rubrics and opening words. Some rubrics written in an italic script.

Binding

Bound in brown calfskin over pasteboards with blind stamped and rolled decoration, by Wiseman, 1862.

Evidence preserved in MSS Ff.1.25(1) and MS Ff.1.25(5) (recycled endleaf bearing four friction-holes and rust stains, suggesting the presence formerly of four corner-bosses and a chain staple) indicates that all five volumes were previously bound together in similar style to that of the binding on other manuscripts donated to the University Library by Matthew Parker (for an example, see: MS Ii.2.4). See Provenance and Acquisition for further details.

Thomas James's catalogue, Ecloga Oxonio-Cantabrigiensis (1600) allocates two numbers to MS Ff.1.25:

  • 244: 1. Gu. Malmesbury de pontificum gestis, lib. 59, vltimus liber scriptus est a neoterico ... 2. Nouella historia Anglorum ...
  • 245: 1. Liber cum hac inscriptione. Itinerarium peregrinantium in terram sanctam ... 2. Galfridu Monumetensis ...

This implies that the manuscript was bound in two volumes at this time. However, in the list of manuscripts donated by Parker to the University Library in 1574, the manuscript is described as containing 460 pages. Such statements of extent were given for each of Parker's donations and were also written onto one of the opening leaves of the manuscripts themselves (see MS Ff.1.25(1), f. 3r). None of the other manuscripts within the Ff.1.25 classmark contain such an inscription, and the total number of pages amounts to 460, by the Parkerian pagination (see Foliation for further details).

Furthermore, as described above, Parker's donations were (with the odd exception) bound in a consistent format, and where the manuscripts have been rebound since that time this evidence is often preserved within the new binding. In MS Ff.1.25(1), only the recycled endleaves at the front of the volume have been preserved. Only Ff.1.25(5) contains similar endleaves, and only at the rear; they are found in none of the other volumes. The material evidence thus points to the manuscripts that are now Ff.1.25(1)-(5) having arrived bound as a single volume. Furthermore, each of these volumes bear evidence of having had the author(s) and title(s) of their contents inked onto the fore-edges of their leaves, presumably by Abraham Wheelocke , who treated other manuscripts in a similar manner (see, for example, MS Ff.1.28. This indicates moreover that the manuscript remained as a single volume in the mid-17th century.

In his History of the University Library, David McKitterick recounts that the part of this manuscript containing the Historia regum Britanniae (now MS Ff.1.25(5)) was discovered to be missing when the manuscripts in the Old Library were inspected in 1732 and again in 1748: the number '245' assigned by James in 1600 is in both lists, in the first with the partial title 'Galfrid: monumethensis etc' (see Cambridge, University Library, MS Add. 4451, ff. 18r and 19r). The implication is that by this stage Ff.1.25 had been rebound into two volumes. However, a more probable explanation is that James's assigning of two numbers to the manuscript misled the compilers of these lists of missing books, who were searching fruitlessly for Geoffrey of Monmouth and other texts bound into a discrete volume, when in fact they remained in place in the same volume as what James has designated '244'. Indeed, that no mention is made in the Catalogue of manuscripts preserved in the Library of the University of Cambridge, vol. 2 (1857) means that it is almost certain that it was not divided into separate volumes until 1862.

History

Origin: Mid-16th century (not after 1574). ; England.

Provenance and Acquisition

Matthew Parker (1504-1575) , archbishop of Canterbury: text copied specifically as a supplement to other historical works by William of Malmesbury (now MS Ff.1.25(1)-(2)) in Parker's possession. As with other volumes within MS Ff.1.25, this contains part of the sequence of partial pagination in characteristic red/orange crayon.

Presented to the University Library in 1574 by Matthew Parker (1504-1575) . No. 22 in the list of 25 'Libri Scripti in pergameno' published to commemorate Parker's gift (see Early catalogues of manuscripts, up to c. 1600).

Additional Information

Record Sources

This catalogue entry draws on an unpublished description of the manuscript composed between 1926 and 1930 by M.R. James , now held in the University Archives (UA ULIB 7/3/74), and an unpublished description of the manuscript composed between 1948 and 1970 by H.L. Pink , now held in the University Archives (UA ULIB 7/3/75).

Availability

Entry to read in the Library is permitted only on presentation of a valid reader's card. For information on eligibility and admissions procedures, see Joining the Library). For further enquiries, and to confirm the availability of the manuscript, please contact the Special Collections Reading Room.

Bibliography

    A catalogue of the manuscripts preserved in the library of the University of Cambridge, (Cambridge, 2: Ee-Ff, Cambridge University Press, 1857) The Historia novella Medieval texts, (London, Nelson, 1955) William of Malmesbury's life and works The Journal of Ecclesiastical History, Farmer, Dom Hugh (13, 1, 39-54, 1962) William of Malmesbury as historian and man of letters The Journal of Ecclesiastical History, Thomson, Rodney M. (29, 04, 387-413, 1978) Historical writing in England, Gransden, Antonia (London, Routledge, 1996) Historia novella: the contemporary history Oxford medieval texts, (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1998) William of Malmesbury, Thomson, Rodney M. (Woodbridge, Boydell Press, 2003)

Digital Images

Cambridge Digital Library