Medieval Manuscripts in Cambridge Libraries

A catalogue of Western manuscripts and papyri at Cambridge University Library, the Fitzwilliam Museum and selected Cambridge colleges

Cambridge, University Library, MS Dd.15.15

Compilation of moral guidance texts

Contents

Introduction: This manuscript is a thirteenth-century compilation of moral guidance texts, the principal ones being: the Verbum abbreviatum of Petrus Cantor (d. 1197), with which the manuscript begins and which occupies two thirds of the book as a whole (ff. 1r-153r); an abridged version of the apocalyptic world history, De initio et fine saeculi, which was purported to have been written by Methodius, bishop of Patara (d. 311) but was actually composed originally in Syriac in the second half of the 7th century (ff. 153v-161r); and, at the end of the manuscript, two texts of doubtful authorship but attributed to Bernard of Clairvaux (1090-1153) (ff. 171r-218v), plus various excerpts from his letters, sermons and other writings, accompanied by interpolations from other authors such as Anselm of Canterbury and Augustine. The author of the first text, Petrus Cantor, was a prominent theologian at the University of Paris during the second half of the 12th century; the epithet attached to his name, Cantor (meaning 'the Chanter') refers to his responsibilities for managing the choir and the conduct of liturgical servies, as the second highest-ranking member of the cathedral chapter at Notre-Dame. Petrus was the first to compose lectures on every book of the Bible, and his quaestiones were gathered and compiled into a Summa de sacramentis. He is also known to have preached widely, though few of his sermons now survive. It is perhaps as a consequence of this that he is credited with being the first master at the University of Paris to use sermon exempla in the formal setting of his lectures on the Bible: repurposing material more commonly used for preaching to the laity for teaching theology in an academic context. Such an approach, and its appeal to medieval readers and preachers, is illustrated by the Verbum abbreviatum, which went on to enjoy a wide circulation: close to a hundred copies are known to survive. Sometimes referred to as the Libellus de viciis et virtutibus ('The little book of vices and virtues'), Petrus's text relates instances of cautionary or edifying behaviour that are intended to provide a practical guide for the reader's own life. The Bible, in particular the historical books of the Old Testament, provides the source of many such exempla, but Petrus's text is remarkable for its heavy and extensive use of classical works: more than half of the chapters contain classical citations or allusions of some form. The Epistulae morales of Seneca were a prominent source, but also writings by Ovid, Horace, Juvenal, Lucan, Virgil and others. As such, the Verbum abbreviatum reflects broader intellectual trends that were current in later 12th-century Paris - to understand contemporary life through the prism of Christian ethics and consider practical matters in moral terms - developments in which Petrus Cantor played an instrumental role. A complementary source of Biblical exempla was provided by the De initio et fine saeculi of pseudo-Methodius. It was read in England principally as a source for the study of Old Testament history and was frequently cited (often at second-hand, via Peter Comestor's Historia scholastica) in such texts as the Chronica maiora of Matthew Paris, the Flores historiarum and in the Polychronicon of Ranulph Higden. It was in the abridged version preserved here that English readers encountered pseudo-Methodius: all surviving copies but one that were made in England preserved this shortened text (see D'Evelyn (1918) and Twomey (2007)). It therefore chimes with Petrus Cantor's introduction to the Verbum abbreviatum, in which he explained the need to abbreviate the Scriptures in order (as Eva Matthews Sanford put it) 'to save the time and trouble of copying, reading, emending and even of carrying the ponderous tomes that contained the complete Bible and its glosses...'. Similar moral guidance is provided by the other thirteenth-century contents of the volume. The latter part of the manuscript comprises a cluster of texts that are assigned in the rubrics to Bernard of Clairvaux (see ff. 171r, 171v, 201v). In the case of the main text in this section, the Meditationes piissimae de cognitione humanae conditionis (ff. 171-201v), this attribution is apocryphal; it is thought instead that the author was an anonymous Franciscan. The text emphasises inward reflection and prayer as the path to self-knowledge and thereby to God and, like the Verbum abbreviatum, it gained wide circulation in the medieval period. The preface that accompanies it in this manuscript was not part of this pseudonymous text, but rather derives from the Meditationes of Anselm of Canterbury. Similarly, after the conclusion of the Meditationes piissimae of pseudo-Bernard, there is a brief extract of the first four chapters from the Liber exhortationis of Patriarch Paulinus of Aquileia (c. 750-802). The Liber exhortationis drew heavily on the De admonitio ad filium spiritualem of pseudo-Basil, a guide perhaps written to advise monks about to enter religious orders. Urging its reader to develop virtues and eschew vice, it formed an obvious accompaniment to the Verbum abbreviatum. The closing part of the volume comprises a series of short extracts principally from the works of Bernard of Clairvaux and Augustine (plus others whose source has not presently been identified). Minor variations in the preparation of the page both within and between these thirteenth-century parts point to the manuscript having been copied in stages (further emendations and additions were made in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries - for further details of which, see below). The first three quires of the book (in its original form, but now Quires 3-5, ff. 1r-24v) were ruled for 21 lines per page and pricking marks are visible along the edge of the fore-edge margin; those that followed (Quires 6-19, ff. 25r-166v) were ruled for 23 lines per page, and no pricking marks are visible (suggesting that either pricking was not used, or that they were placed closer to the edge of the quires and therefore were trimmed away when the manuscript was bound). There is also a change in quire structure: from gatherings of eight leaves in the first group (Quires 3-5) to one gathering of twelve leaves (Quire 6) and thirteen gatherings of ten leaves in the second group (Quires 7-19). In turn, these contrast with the latter part of the manuscript (ff. 171r-218v), which is formed entirely of quires of eight leaves, ruled for 22 lines of text, with pricking marks along the edge of the fore-edge margin. The thematic and intellectual coherence of their contents, however, indicates that the production of these portions was closely contemporaneous and that they were intended to be bound together. That this occured at an early stage - probably from the outset and certainly prior to the fourteenth century - is confirmed by the remarkable survival of painted decoration along all three edges of the leaves. While medieval bindings might be rare, decorated edges are rarer still, since a manuscript's leaves were often trimmed at the point of rebinding. MS Dd.15.15 preserves a notably ornate example along all three exposed edges, comprising circular or heart-shaped designs formed of interwoven vines and containing elaborate foliate decoration, executed primarily in red and blue ink. Another element of a medieval binding is also preserved: woven endbands at the top and bottom of the spine, and formed of three threads, two of which were dyed, one in red and one in blue. The manuscript went through a number of further changes during the course of its medieval existence, alterations that shed light on the likely function that the book fulfilled for its owners. The first of these occurred around the mid-fourteenth century and involved the erasure of a text previously written after the end of the De initio et fine saeculi and the insertion in its place of a copy of the Rule of St Augustine. One can still see traces of this under-text, most obviously where its replacement does not cover the whole line (as on ff. 162v and 163v) and in the margins where decorated initials had previously marked textual divisions (as on ff. 161v and 163r). There also appears to have been musical notation written on staves ruled in the fore-edge margin of f. 163r. (Multi-spectral imaging of these leaves might help to shed further light on the manuscript's history and use by revealing what this under-text was). Since there was not sufficient space in Quire 19 to accommodate the entirety of the Rule of St Augustine, leaves must have been inserted after this point, though apparently without the manuscript being rebound. This might explain the subsequent loss of these additional leaves. To rectify this deficiency, in the fifteenth century a later owner had a quire of four paper leaves added to the manuscript (Quire 20) and the remainder of the text copied therein. The painting of the edges of the manuscript must pre-date this intervention, since no pigment is to be found along the edges of these paper leaves. A further quire of four paper leaves (Quire 1) was also added to the front of the volume, and a table of contents for the Verbum abbreviatum copied onto it: the entries refer to the capitular rubrics in the text, with references given by folio numbers, which were also inserted into that part of the volume at this stage. The paper used for both is drawn from the same stock, however slight differences in preparation suggest that these two interventions were made separately from one another: Quire 1 is smaller in size, was pricked with the point of a flat blade in both the gutter and fore-edge margins, and its lines ruled in hardpoint; Quire 20 was pricked with the point of a rounded implement in the fore-edge margin only, and the lines ruled in plummet (most visible on f. 169v). It cannot be established conclusively that these additions were copied by the same hand: there are some similarities between the two, though that responsible for the table of contents is somewhat neater and more controlled. Although there is no evidence for the manuscript's medieval provenance until the fifteenth century (and probably the latter half at that), inferences might be drawn about its ownership and use from the combination of texts that it contains and from its material characteristics. This is a small, highly portable volume, measuring merely 120 x 85mm, and must therefore have been intended for personal, perhaps private use. This chimes with the instructional nature of much of its contents: texts which furnished the reader with models from the Bible, literature or history, from which moral lessons might be drawn for his own life. There is evidence, furthermore, to suggest that the volume was originally made for and used by a member of the religious orders. Besides the inclusion of excerpts from the Liber exhortationis, the extracts from the letters and sermons of Bernard of Clairvaux found at the end of the volume all concern aspects of monastic life and discipline. The same set of excerpts, in the same order and organised under the same rubrics, is found in London, British Library, Royal MS 8 D iii (ff. 175v-176v), which formerly belonged to the Benedictine abbey at Ramsey, and in which both the Meditationes of pseudo-Bernard and the prologue from the Meditationes of Anselm are also found. The later addition of the Rule of St Augustine points more explicitly to readership within the context of a religious order - though not necessarily that of the Augustinian canons: the Rule was also used also as a guide by members of the mendicant orders, by the Dominican and Austin friars, as well as the Premonstratensian canons. Nevertheless, it raises the possibility - which later additions to the manuscript appear to confirm - that this volume fulfilled a practical as well as a personal purpose. Members of these orders played a role in the provision of pastoral care in thirteenth- and fourteenth-century England, in particular by preaching to the laity. The texts in this volume would have furnished such a reader with a conveniently arranged stock of exempla drawn from a variety of sources, which could then be extracted and deployed in public sermons. The insertion of a table of contents and folio numbers in the fifteenth century further facilitated the reference use of this manuscript. That care was taken to repair the deficient text of the Rule of St Augustine points to this being continued to be of relevance to the book's readers and is thus suggestive of its possession and use in the context of a secular or mendicant order into the fifteenth century. The only evidence for the manuscript's medieval provenance is found on the front pastedown, where a fifteenth-century ownership inscription names a 'magistro...Ricardo Wallour...presbitero'. This may be the same Richard Wallour/Waller recorded as chaplain in the chantry of Robert Thorpe of Ashwellthorpe and whose will, dated 1506, is preserved at Norfolk Record Office (NCC will register Ryze 305), though this cannot presently be confirmed. Wallour's description of himself as 'presbitero', however, not only raises the interesting possibility of this manuscript's ownership passing from a member of a religious order to a secular priest, but would also appear to exclude him from consideration as the person responsible for the restoration of the text of the Rule of St Augustine in the manuscript. Dr James Freeman| Medieval Manuscripts Specialist| Cambridge University Library Bibliography of works not cited below:
  • Charlotte D'Evelyn, 'The Middle English metrical version of the Revelations of Methodius...', PMLA (1918), 135-203 [https://doi.org/10.2307/457111]
  • Eva Matthews Sanford, 'The Verbum abbreviatum of Petrus Cantor', Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association 74 (1943), 33-48 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/283587]
  • Michael W. Twomey, 'The Revelationes of Pseudo-Methodius and scriptural study in the eleventh century', in Source of Wisdom: Old English and Early Medieval Latin Studies in honour of Thomas D. Hill, ed. by Charles D. Wright, Frederick Biggs and Thomas N. Hall (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2007), pp. 370-386 [https://doi.org/10.3138/9781442684812]

Language(s): Latin

Physical Description

Secundo Folio: [i a recto]: de spirituali paciencia
Secundo Folio: 2r: memorie leccio
Form: codex
Support: Parchment (HFFH); paper used for ff. i-iii, 167-170, added in the 15th century.
Extent: Codex: 4 + 2 + 218 leaves. 120 × 85 mm.
Foliation:

19th/20th-century foliation:

i, [i a], ii-iii + iv-v + 1-218

Replaces the sequence of foliation added in the second half of the 15th / first half of the 16th century from f. 84 onwards. Written in pencil in the upper right-hand corner of the rectos.
Foliation:

15th century:

1-83, 83-102, 102-161 (for ff. 1-163)

Written in ink in the upper right-hand corner of the rectos. Added to the manuscript at the same time as the prefatory table of contents to the Verbum abbreuiatum, now struck through in pencil from f. 84 onwards.

Collation

The manuscript comprises 26 quires, the majority gatherings of 10 leaves (Quires 7-19) or 8 leaves (Quires 21-26). Quires 1 and 20 were added in the 15th century. Quire 2 comprises two leaves, but they do not obviously form a bifolium; f. iv may once have been conjoint with what is now the front pastedown - both the front pastedown and f. iv recto are hair-sides - but the addition of Quire 1 means that the structure of Quire 2 remains uncertain. The manuscript has previously been collated, with quire numbers written in pencil in the lower right-hand corner, starting at '1' on Quire 3. Folio numbers were written, apparently around the same time, on the first leaf of the second half of each quire. The tightness of the binding means that the following collation formulae are reliant on these earlier notations.

  • Quire 14 (ff. i, [i a], ii-iii; added in the 15th century) ;
  • Quire 2two (ff. iv-v)
  • Quires 3-58 (ff. 1-24)
  • Quire 612 (ff. 25-36)
  • Quires 7-1910 (ff. 37-166) ;
  • Quire 204 (ff. 167-170; added in the 15th century) ;
  • Quires 21-268 (ff. 171-218)

14; 22 3-58 612 7-1910; 204; 21-268

Quire signatures added in the 19th/20th century, beginning with '1' on Quire 3. Occasional catchwords (ff. 8v, 36v, 186v, 194v), some added by later hands (ff. 16v, 24v, 202v), but mostly either partially cropped (e.g. f. 178v) or lost altogether through trimming.

Condition

Worm damage to the upper left-hand corner of the opening paper leaves and the adjacent parchment pastedown. Water staining in the upper margin of the opening leaves of paper, extending into the first few leaves of parchment.

Decoration

Circular or heart-shaped foliage designs in red and blue on the fore-edges, perhaps original to the volume and certainly prior to the fourteenth century.

Additions

Note concerning the Battle of Lewes (14 May 1264) added by a 13th-century hand (rear pastedown). Table of contents added by a 15th-century hand (rear pastedown). Inscriptions in plummet, 'Muta fiant labia dolosa' (Psalm 30:19) (f. 201v) and 'Memento finis' (f. 88v), by a hand of perhaps the 14th century. Addition to closing rubric 'Explicit libellus' on f. 153r, by a later hand, perhaps over an erasure: 'Explicit libellus de viciis et virtutibus predicatori maxime utilis'. Annotations in the margins by various hands of the 14th and 15th centuries, at various places in the text.

Binding

Quarter calf with paper-covered sides; repaired at Cambridge University Library, October 1977. Three leather spine labels, bearing the classmark, preserved from the previous binding on the (rear pastedown).

Medieval, perhaps original, endband sewing at the top and bottom of the spine, comprising coloured threads sewn in a herringbone pattern. Decoration of the exposed edges of the leaves (see Decoration for further details).

History

Provenance and Acquisition

Folio 218v: erased ?ownership inscription.

Front pastedown and rear pastedown: ownership inscription: 'Ecce magistro quippe Richardo Wallour iste | Presbitero codex pertinet exiguus' (15th cent.). This may be the same Richard Wallour/Waller recorded as chaplain in the chantry of Robert Thorpe of Ashwellthorpe and whose will, dated 1506, is preserved at Norfolk Record Office (NCC will register Ryze 305), though this cannot presently be confirmed.

John Moore (1646-1714) , bishop of Ely: no. 6 in Bernard, Catalogi librorum manuscriptorum Angliæ et Hiberniæ (c. 1697) (i recto).

Presented to the University Library in 1715 by George I (1660-1727) : donation bookplate engraved by John Pine (1690-1756) in 1736 on front pastedown.

Part 1: Added table of contents (added leaves) [Cambridge, University Library, MS Dd.15.15, ff. i recto-iii verso]

Contents

Language(s): Latin

1.1. i recto-iii recto
Table of contents to Petrus Cantor, Verbum abbreviatum
Incipit: i recto: Contra superfluitatem et prolixitatem glosarum
Explicit: iii recto: de Iocunditate eterna 150

Later addition (15th cent.).

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: Paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Unicorn, in the corner of the leaves, similar to Briquet 'Licorne sanglée) . Same type of paper used for the leaves onto which the missing text of the Regula S. Augustini was written (see 167r-170r).

Collation

A single quire of four leaves, as follows:

  • Quire 14 (ff. i, [i a], ii-iii; added in the 15th century)

Layout

i recto-iii recto 85 × 55 mm. Single column, 20-21 lines, frame and line ruling in hardpoint, written below top line. Pricking marks along the edge of the fore-edge margin.

Hand(s)

Folios i recto-iii recto written in a current mixed Anglicana and Secretary script in the 15th century, perhaps by the same hand as ff. 167r-170r.

History

Origin: 15th century, ; England

Part 2 [Cambridge, University Library, MS Dd.15.15, ff. 1r-161v]

Contents

Language(s): Latin

2.1. 1r-153r
Verbum abbreviatum (extracts) Libellus de viciis et virtutibus Petrus Cantor
Rubric: 1r: ⟨C⟩ontra superfluitatem et prolixitatem glosarum inutilium exposicionium
Incipit: || 1r: Uerbum abbreuiatum fecit deus super terram si enim uerbum de sinu patris nobis missum
Explicit: 153r: Sic uerbis nostris de gaudio patrie finem imponimus insinuantes per hoc illud esse inmensum et inexplicabile||
Final rubric: 153r: Explicit libellus de viciis et virtutibus praedictori maxime vtilis

According to M. Boutry, this is one of eleven manuscripts that contains 'morceaux choisis' of the text. In addition, the preface ('Lectori Christiano S.') and Chapter 153 at the end ('De proprietate monachorum') are omitted.

Final rubric after 'Explicit libellus' added by a later hand.

PL 205:23-366
M. Boutry, CCCM 196 (2004)
Bloomfield 6387
Stegmüller 6447
2.2. 153v-161r
De initio et fine saeculi Revelationes pseudo-Methodius
Rubric: 153v: Incipit liber Bemethodi Episcopi ecclesie Patheresis et Martiris christi quem de hebreo et greco in latinum transferre curauit de principio saeculi usque ad finem
Incipit: 153v: In principio creauit deus... et sciendum est quomodo fecit hominem et adiutorium simile
Explicit: 161r: Impii sine fine bastiam pacientur . vnde nos eripere dignetur qui cum patre et spiritu sancti uiuit per omnia

A copy of 'Recensio 2' (Laureys and Verhelst).

Short version of the text (D'Evelyn; Prinz).

Other copies found in MS Ff.1.31 (ff. 1r-3v), MS Gg.4.15 (ff. 108r-111r), MS Gg.4.25 (ff. 58r-61r) and MS Kk.4.4 (ff. 75r-76v) and MS Mm.5.29 (ff. 119v-122v).

D'Evelyn (1918), pp. 192-203
Prinz (1985), pp. 6-17
Stegmüller 5586

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: Parchment (HFFH)

Collation

This part comprises 17 quires, primarily gatherings of ten leaves, as follows:

  • Quires 3-58 (ff. 1-24)
  • Quire 612 (ff. 25-36)
  • Quires 7-1910 (ff. 37-166)
No leaf signatures, except for lower case letters in plummet on the versos of the leaves of the first half of Quires 3 ('a-d') and 13

Layout

ff. 1r-24v 90 × 45 mm. Single column, 21 lines, frame and line ruling in plummet, written above top line. Pricking marks along the edge of the fore-edge margin.

ff. 25r-160v 90 × 50 mm. Single column, 23 lines, frame and line ruling in plummet, written above top line. No pricking marks visible.

Hand(s)

Folios 1r-161r written in littera textualis, apparently by a single hand in the 13th century.

Decoration

At major textual divisions, geometric / 'puzzle' initials of various sizes, in red and blue, with infill and marginal flourishing drawn in red and blue ink: ff. 1r, 7-line; 153v, 11-line; 156v.

At minor textual divisions, two- to ten-line initials alternating in red or blue, with contrasting infill and marginal flourishing drawn in blue or red ink.

Chapter headings and marginal content markers written in red ink.

Folios 52v, 54v-55v and 56v: examples of instructions left for the rubrication of chapter headings, written vertically along the fore-edge margin, and partially cropped. Similar instructions written along the edge of the lower margin of ff. 21r and 24r.

History

Origin: Mid-13th century, ; England

Additional Information

Bibliography

    The Middle-English metrical version of the <hi rend="italics">Revelations</hi> of Methodius; with a study of the influence of Methodius in Middle-English writings PMLA, D'Evelyn, Charlotte (33, 2, 135-203, 1918, https://www.jstor.org/stable/457111) Eine frühe abendländische Aktualisierung der lateinischen Übersetzung des Pseudo-Methodios Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters, Prinz, Otto (23, 1-25, 1985) Pseudo-Methodius, <hi rend="italics">Revelationes</hi>: Textgeschichte und kritische Edition. Ein Leuven-Groninger Forschungsprojekt The use and abuse of eschatology in the middle ages Mediaevalia Lovaniensia Series I: studia, Laureys, MarcVerhelst, Daniel (Leuven, 112-136, Leuven University Press, 1988, https://books.google.be/books?id=89frds8lRqkC&lpg=PP1&dq=The%20use%20and%20abuse%20of&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q=The%20use%20and%20abuse%20of&f=false) Pseudepigrapha Notes II: 3. The Contribution of the Manuscript Catalogues of M.R. James Pseudepigrapha Notes II Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha, DiTommaso, Lorenzo (18, 2, 83-160, 2008, http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0951820708098808) Die Apokalypse des Pseudo-Methodius: die ältesten griechischen und lateinischen Übersetzungen Die Apokalypse des Pseudo-Methodius Corpus scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium, (Lovanii, 2, Peeters, 1998) Petri Cantoris Parisiensis Verbum adbreviatum Corpus Christianorum. Continuatio Mediaevalis, (Turnhout, Brepols, 2012)

Part 3 [Cambridge, University Library, MS Dd.15.15, ff. 171r-218v]

Contents

Language(s): Latin

3.1. 171r
Anselm of Canterbury, Meditationes
Rubric: 171r: Incipit prologus in meditacionibus sancti Bernardi
Incipit: 171r: Oraciones siue meditaciones que subscripte sunt, quoniam ad excitandam legentis mentem ad dei amorem
Explicit: 171r: generet fastidium sed pocius inde colligat lector propter quod facte sunt pietatis affectum

Prologue only.

PL 158:709
SAO 3.3
3.2. 171v-200r
Meditationes piissimae de cognitione humanae conditionis pseudo-Bernard of Clairvaux
Rubric: 171r: Incipiunt Meditaciones beati Bernardi
Incipit: 171r: Multi multa sciunt et seipsos nesciunt alios inspiciunt et seipsos deserunt
Explicit: (text) 200r: uideas ortum salubris aurore, videas etiam meridiem solis iusticie, in quo sponsum cum sponsa perspicies unum eumdemque dominum glorie
Explicit: (formula) qui uiuit et regnat per
PL 184:485-508
Bloomfield 3126
3.3. 200v-201v
Paulinus of Aquileia, Liber exhortationis
Rubric: 200r: Qui deum amat beatus est
Incipit: 200v: Perfectissima atque plenissima iusticia est deum toto corde diligere
Explicit: 201v: sed ubique quantum uales coram deo et omni populo amabilis appareas
Final rubric: 201v: Expliciunt Meditaciones

Chapters 1-4 only.

PL 40:1047-1048
3.4. 201v-213v
Brief extracts relating to monastic life from various works, principally by Bernard of Clairvaux

The same selection of extracts, in the same order, is preserved in London, British Library, Royal MS 8 D iii , which are also accompanied there by the Meditationes of pseudo-Bernard and the prologue from the Meditationes of Anselm.

3.4.1. 201v-202v
Bernard of Clairvaux, Epistola ad Robertum nepotem suam (extracts)
Rubric: 201v-202v: Bernardus ad Nepotem suum a Clareualle fugientem ad climacum
Incipit: 201v: Si salus magis in cultu uestium et ciborum est opulencia
Explicit: 202v: durus erit cibus quem libenter non commedas
PL 182:77-78
SBO 7:1-11
SC 425:58-91
3.4.2. 202v-203r
Bernard of Clairvaux, In festo Sancti Petri et Pauli (extracts)
Rubric: 202v: Qualiter viuendum sit in congregacione
Incipit: 202v: Arbitror quod qui in congregacione est bene uiuit
Explicit: 203r: et cum gratiarum accione sustinere
PL 183:407
SBO 5:190
3.4.3. 203r-203v
De habitu monachi
Rubric: 203r: De habitu monachi
Incipit: 203r: Monachi habitus inmodum crucis extensus est
Explicit: 203v: descendat nunc de cruce et credimus ei

Text not identified

3.4.4. 203v
De nomine monachi
Rubric: 203v: De nomine monachi
Incipit: 203v: Sit unusquisque quod dicere monacus id est custos sui quantum ad deum
Explicit: 203v: quod tibi non uis fieri alii ne feceria

Text not identified

3.4.5. 203v-205r
Bernard of Clairvaux, Apologia ad Guillelmum (extracts)
Rubric: 203v: Contra detractores
Incipit: 203v: Sub uestimentis ouium non quid lupi rapaces
Explicit: 205r: qui est mendacium addit geminat impietatem

Extracts from Chapter 1.

PL 182:899-900
SBO 3:81-108
3.4.6. 205r-206v
Bernard of Clairvaux, Apologia ad Guillelmum (extracts)
Rubric: 205r: De superfluitate monachorum
Incipit: 205r: Miror unde inter monachos tanta intemperancia in cibis et potacionibus
Explicit: 206v: de salute animarium sed nuge et risus proferentur inuentum

Extracts from Chapter 8-9.

PL 182:908-910
SBO 3:81-108
3.4.7. 206v-207r
Bernard of Clairvaux, Apologia ad Guillelmum (extracts)
Rubric: 206v: De comessacione monachorum
Incipit: 206v: Inter prandentum quantum fauces dapibus tantum aures pascuntur
Explicit: 207r: nec sapores demulcent dum omnia suscipere cogitur oppressus magis obruitur quam reficitur

Extracts from Chapter 9 (text continuing from previous item without interruption).

PL 182:910
SBO 3:81-108
3.4.8. 207r-208r
Bernard of Clairvaux, Apologia ad Guillelmum (extracts)
Rubric: 207r: De potacione
Incipit: 207r: Iam vero de aque potu quid dicam quando nec ullo quidem pacto
Explicit: 208r: modum plango non crapule peccatum sed quod manducare nequeo

Extracts from Chapter 9 (text continuing from previous item without interruption).

PL 182:910-911
SBO 3:81-108
3.4.9. 208r-208v
Bernard of Clairvaux, Apologia ad Guillelmum (extracts)
Rubric: 208r: De hiis qui infirmitate non expectata in domo infirmorum pausare con fueuerunt
Incipit: 208r: Ridiculum uero est si tamen uerum est quod relatum est mihi a pluribus
Explicit: 208v: Ridendas an lugendas huiusmodi inepcias sic ne macharius uixit sic ne basilius docuit

Extracts from Chapter 9 (text continuing from previous item without interruption).

PL 182:911-912
SBO 3:81-108
3.4.10. 208v-210r
Bernard of Clairvaux, Apologia ad Guillelmum (extracts)
Rubric: 208v: De uestimento superfluo
Incipit: 208v: Queritur ad induendum non quod utilius sed subtilius
Explicit: 210r: curarem corporis cultus nisi prius negglecta fuisset mens inculta uirtutibus

Extracts from Chapter 10.

PL 182:912-913
SBO 3:81-108
3.4.11. 210v
Bernard of Clairvaux, Apologia ad Guillelmum (extracts)
Rubric: 210r: De neggligencia abbatum
Incipit: 210v: Forte si audeam dicere nemo
Explicit: 210v: reprehensibilem non confidit

Extract from Chapter 11.

PL 182:913
SBO 3:81-108
3.4.12. 210v
Bernard of Clairvaux, Apologia ad Guillelmum (extracts)
Rubric: 210v: De superfluitate abbatum
Incipit: 210v: Que uero ut cetera taceam specimens humilitatis est
Explicit: 210v: quatenus duobus episcopis unius abbatis sufficiat multitudo

Extract from Chapter 11.

PL 182:914
SBO 3:81-108
3.4.13. 210v
Bernard of Clairvaux, Apologia ad Guillelmum (extracts)
Rubric: 210v: Contra odientes correpcionem
Incipit: 210v: Quod in ordinatum est ordo non est nullus quippe ordo quippiam
Explicit: 210v: cuius utique correcionem id est uicia dampnari nolunt

Extract from Chapter 7.

PL 182:908
SBO 3:81-108
3.4.14. 211r
Bernard of Clairvaux, Apologia ad Guillelmum (extracts)
Rubric: 210v: De monachis ad alium ordine transferentibus
Incipit: 211r: Sic sic quisque bonum teneat quod tenet ut alium aliud tenentem non iudicet
Explicit: 211r: sic non omnibus expedit de bonis minoribus ad maiora transire ne praecipitentur

Extract from Chapter 13.

PL 182:916
SBO 3:81-108
3.4.15. 211r
Bernard of Clairvaux, Apologia ad Guillelmum (extracts)
Rubric: 211r: De ornamentis ecclesiae
Incipit: 211r: Fulget ecclesia in perietibus et in pauperibus eget
Explicit: 211r: et christum in paupertate fame moritur

Extract from Chapter 12.

PL 182:915
SBO 3:81-108
3.4.16. 211r-211v
Bernard of Clairvaux, Homiliae quattuor super Missus est (extract) De laudibus Virginis Matris
Rubric: 211r: Contra superbiam religiosorum
Incipit: 211r: Uideo quod doleo post spretam saeculi pompam
Explicit: 211v: saltem in honorabiliores uideantur ubi ab omnibus honores contempnuntur

Extract from De laudibus Virginis Matris, Homilia 4.

PL 183:85
SBO 4:55-56
Stegmüller 1726
3.4.17. 211v
Bernard of Clairvaux, Homiliae quattuor super Missus est (extract) De laudibus Virginis Matris
Rubric: 211v: Contra curiositatem religiosorum
Incipit: 211v: Uideo quod sine dolore uideri non dum quosdam post aggressam christi miliciam rursus
Explicit: 211v: et cura frequentantes regum noticias principum familiaritates assecuti sunt

Extract from De laudibus Virginis Matris, Homilia 4 (text continuing from previous item without interruption)

PL 183:85 SBO 4:56 Stegmüller 1726
3.4.18. 212r-212v
Jerome, Epistula ad Rusticum monachum de institutione vitae (Ep. 125) (extracts)
Rubric: 212r: Qualiter in religione viuendum sit
Incipit: 212r: Numquam de manu tua autem oculis tuis liber psalterum discedat
Explicit: 212v: omni transeunti diuacent pedes suos
Hilberg, CSEL 56 (1918), 129-131
CPL 620
PL 22:1078-1079
3.4.19. 212v
Jerome, Epistula ad Paulinum presbyterum de institutione clericorum vel monachorum (Ep. 58) (extract)
Incipit: 212v: Idem semper in manu tua sacra lectio sit
Explicit: 212v: et uentre uacuo sepius est dormiendum

Continuing under the same rubric as the previous item and separated at the beginning by a paraph mark.

Extract from Chapter 6, §2

Hilberg, CSEL 54 (1910), 535
CPL 620
Stegmüller 3307
PL 22:583
3.4.20. 212v
De passione Christi
Rubric: 212v: De passione Christi
Incipit: 212v: Respice capitis Christi inclinacionem ad osculum
Explicit: 212v: ad totius nostre redempcionis effectum

Text not identified.

3.4.21. 212v
Bernard of Clairvaux
Rubric: 212v: B
De consideratione (extract)
Incipit: 212v: Monstruosa res est gradus summus et annuus infimus
Explicit: 212v: mutans stabilitas doctrina lucida anta tenebrosa

Extract from Book 2, Chapter 7.

Source of the final phrase ('doctrina lucida...') not identified.

PL 182:750
SBO 3:393-493
3.4.22. 212v-213r
Bernard of Clairvaux, De moribus et officio episcoporum ad Henricum Senonensem archiepiscopum (Ep. 42) (extracts)
Incipit: 212v: Idem. Puritas cordis consistit inquirenda gloria dei
Explicit: 213r: proximi querere lucra qui propria non contempserit

Extract from Chapter 3.

PL 182:817-818
SBO 7
SC 458:44-137
3.4.23. 213r
Bernard of Clairvaux, Epistula in persona Heliae ad parentes suos (Ep. 111) (extracts)
Rubric: 213r: De malo amore parentum
Incipit: 213r: O parentes impii non parentes sed peremptores
Explicit: 213r: quae inquam consolacio dampnatis socios habere sue dampnacionis
PL 182:254-255
SBO 7
SC 556:162-169
3.4.24. 213r
Bernard of Clairvaux, Epistola ad Guillelmum comitem Pictavorum, ducem Aquitaniae, ex persona Hugonis ducis Rurgundiae (Ep. 127) (extracts)
Rubric: 213r: Contra prelatos
Incipit: 213r: Siquis de populo deuiat solus perit verum principis error
Explicit: 213r: plane ecclesie sue ministros non dominos
PL 182:218
SBO 7
SC 556:279-283
3.4.25. 213r-213v
Bernard of Clairvaux, De consideratione (extracts)
Rubric: 213r: De usu terrenorum
Incipit: 213r: Argento et auro utere non pro libito tuo
Explicit: 213v: abusio mala sollicitudo peior questus turpior

Extracts from Book 2, Chapter 6.

PL 182:748
SBO 3:393-493
3.4.26. 213v
Bernard of Clairvaux, De voluntate nostra divinae voluntati subjicienda (Sermo 26) (extracts)
Rubric: 213v: De humilitate
Incipit: 213v: Tocius humilitatis summa in eo uidetur consistere
Explicit: 213v: neque uelimus ex toto neque penitus non uelimus
PL 182:610
SBO 6.1:194-197
SC 518:68-79
3.5. 213v-215v
pseudo-Augustine, De spiritu et anima (extracts)
Rubric: 213v: Augustinus in libro animarum
Incipit: 213v: Mira societas carnis et anime spiritus uite et limi terre
Explicit: 215v: effectum a mortalium cupiditatibus sibi soli et deo loqui

Extracts from Chapter 14.

PL 40:790-791
Bloomfield 4935
3.6. 215v-216v
pseudo-Augustine, De spiritu et anima (extracts)
Rubric: 215v: Quod anima omni creaturem similis est
Incipit: 215v: Anima ad similitudine tocius sapientie facta
Explicit: 216v: aduitrix gratis replet ne uacua sint si strenuum operarum inuenerit

Extracts from Chapters 6 and 7.

PL 40:783-784
Bloomfield 4935
3.7. 216v-218v
pseudo-Augustine, De spiritu et anima (extracts)
Incipit: 216v: Habet anima quandam propriam animam omnibus hiis mundane molis elementis excellenciorem
Explicit: 218v: utilitatem mihi et hiis qui mecum senciunt quod ego sencio

Extracts from Chapter 16 and 17.

PL 40:792-793
Bloomfield 4935

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: Parchment (HFFH)

Collation

Six gatherings of eight leaves, as follows:

  • Quires 21-268 (ff. 171-218)

Layout

Folios 171r-218v 85-90 × 40-45 mm. Single column, 22 lines, frame and line ruling in plummet, written above top line (except for f. 171, which is written below top line and thus comprises 21 lines of written text). Pricking marks along the edge of the fore-edge margin.

Hand(s)

Folios 171r-218v also written in littera textualis, probably by a different but closely contemporary hand to the first.

Decoration

At major textual divisions, geometric / 'puzzle' initials of various sizes (ff. 171v and 201v, 5-line), in red and blue, with infill and marginal flourishing drawn in red and blue ink.

At minor textual divisions, two- to ten-line initials alternating in red or blue, with contrasting infill and marginal flourishing drawn in blue or red ink.

Chapter headings and marginal content markers written in red ink.

History

Origin: Mid-13th century, ; England

Additional Information

Bibliography

    Sancti Eusebii Hieronymi Epistulae Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum, (Vindobonae; Lipsiae, F. Tempsky; G. Freytag, 1910-1918) S. Anselmi Cantuariensis archiepiscopi opera omnia, (Edinburgi, apud Thomam Nelson et filios, apud Thomam Nelson, 1946-1961) Sancti Bernardi Opera, (Rome, Editiones Cistercienses, 1957) Lettres / Bernard de Clairvaux Sources chrétiennes, (Paris, Editions du Cerf, 1997-2012) Sermons divers / Bernard de Clairvaux Sources chrétiennes, Callerot, Françoise (Paris, Cerf, 2006-2012)

Part 4: Added Rule of St Augustine (overwriting) [Cambridge, University Library, MS Dd.15.15, ff. 161r-166v]

Contents

Language(s): Latin

4.1. 161r-167v
Regula S. Augustini Augustine (attributed)
Incipit: 161r: ⟨A⟩nte omnia fratres karissimi diligatur deus
Explicit: 170r: transitoria necessitas ; superemineat que||

Folios 161r-166v written by a hand of the second half of the fourteenth century over an erasure.

Text ends imperfectly at the end of the quire - presumably the point at which leaves were inserted to accommodate the rest of this text, leaves which were then subsequently lost.

The text is continued to its end by a later hand on an added quire (see 167r-170v for further details).

PL 32:1449-1452
PL 66:995-998
CPL 1839a
De Bruyne (1930), 318-326
Verheijen (1967), 148-152, 417-437

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: Parchment

Collation

This text occupies part of Quire 19:

  • Quire 1910 (ff. 157-166)

Layout

ff. 161r-166v 85 × 50 mm. Single column, 22 lines, frame and line ruling in plummet, written below top line. Pricking marks along the edge of the text block.

Hand(s)

Folios 161r-166v written in Anglicana formata in the 14th century.

Decoration

Space left for a four-line initial at the opening of the text, and further spaces for two-line initials at the opening of chapters.

History

Origin: Mid-13th century, ; England, but original text erased and over-written during the 14th century.

Additional Information

Bibliography

    La première règle de Saint Benoit Revue Bénédictine, De Bruyne, D. Donatien (42, 316-342, 1930) La règle de Saint Augustin, (Paris, 1: Tradition manuscrite, Études augustiniennes, 1967) Die Handschriftliche Überlieferung der Werke des Heiligen Augustinus Sitzungsberichte (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch-Historische Klasse). Veröffentlichungen der Kommission zur Herausgabe des Corpus der Lateinischen Kirchenväter, Heft 3,4, Römer, Franz (Wien, 2: Großbritannien und Irland, Böhlau, 1972)

Part 5: Added Rule of St Augustine (added leaves) [Cambridge, University Library, MS Dd.15.15, ff. 167r-170v]

Contents

Language(s): Latin

5.1. 167r-170r
Regula S. Augustini Augustine (attributed)
Incipit: || 167r: permanet charitas . Consequens ergo
Explicit: 170r: vt sibi debitum dimittatur et in tentacionem non inducatur
Final rubric: 170r: Beatissimi Augustini Episcopi ypponensis Regula feliciter explicit; deo gratias

Text begins imperfectly at the opening of the quire - the point at which this gathering was inserted to replace leaves added earlier to accommodate the rest of the text but which were then subsequently lost.

Text supplied by a hand of the fifteenth century.

Folio 170v blank.

PL 32.1449-1452
PL 66.995-998
CPL 1839a
De Bruyne (1930), 318-326
Verheijen (1967), 148-152, 417-437

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: Paper, folded in quarto. Watermark: Unicorn, in the corner of the leaves, similar to Briquet'Licorne sanglée) . Same type of paper used for the table of contents at the beginning of the manuscript (see i recto-iii recto).

Collation

A single quire of four leaves, as follows:

  • Quire 204 (ff. 167-170; added in the 15th century)

Layout

ff. 167r-170r 85-90 × 50 mm. Single column, 21-22 lines, frame and line ruling in plummet, written above top line. Pricking marks along the edge of the fore-edge margin.

Hand(s)

Folios 167r-170r written in a current mixed Anglicana and Secretary script in the 15th century, presumably by the same hand as ff. i recto-iii recto.

History

Origin: 15th century, ; England

Additional Information

Bibliography

    La première règle de Saint Benoit Revue Bénédictine, De Bruyne, D. Donatien (42, 316-342, 1930) La règle de Saint Augustin, (Paris, 1: Tradition manuscrite, Études augustiniennes, 1967) Die Handschriftliche Überlieferung der Werke des Heiligen Augustinus Sitzungsberichte (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch-Historische Klasse). Veröffentlichungen der Kommission zur Herausgabe des Corpus der Lateinischen Kirchenväter, Heft 3,4, Römer, Franz (Wien, 2: Großbritannien und Irland, Böhlau, 1972)

Additional Information

Record Sources

This catalogue entry draws on the description provided by Paul Binski and Patrick Zutshi, with the collaboration of Stella Panayotova, Western Illuminated Manuscripts: A Catalogue of the Collection in Cambridge University Library (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011) (used here by kind permission of Cambridge University Press).

Availability

Entry to read in the Library is permitted only on presentation of a valid reader's card. For information on eligibility and admissions procedures, see Joining the Library). For further enquiries, and to confirm the availability of the manuscript, please contact the Special Collections Reading Room.

Bibliography

    A catalogue of the manuscripts preserved in the library of the University of Cambridge Catalogue of manuscripts (Dd), (Cambridge, 1: Dd, Cambridge University Press, 1856) Western illuminated manuscripts: a catalogue of the collection in Cambridge University Library Western illuminated manuscripts, Binski, PaulZutshi, Patrick (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2011, https://doi-org.ezp.lib.cam.ac.uk/10.1017/CBO9780511780479)

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