Medieval Manuscripts in Cambridge Libraries

A catalogue of Western manuscripts and papyri at Cambridge University Library, the Fitzwilliam Museum and selected Cambridge colleges

Cambridge, Trinity College, MS O.5.16

Diktyon no.: Diktyon 12001

Contents

Introduction: The manuscript contains a treatise on music theory from the 2nd century CE, Ptolemy's Harmonics . Ptolemy wrote fundamental works in the field of astronomy (the Almagest), geography and astrology; his treatise on harmonics was influential also for scholars in Byzantium and beyond. Harmonics is the science of harmony, combining music, philosophy and mathematics. This volume was part of the collection of the English classical scholar Thomas Gale (c. 1635-1702), who had it copied around the middle of the 17th century from Oxford, St. John's College, MS 30 ( I. Düring [ed.], Die Harmonielehre des Klaudios Ptolemaios (Göteborg, 1930), pp. XI, LIX; the codex is indicated as ‘ Codex Coll. Trinitatis Cantabrigiensis I’; see also History). Gale lent the manuscript to John Wallis, who used it for the first printed edition of the text in 1682. Dr Erika Elia

Language(s): Greek

ff. 1r-60r
Ptolemy, Harmonics
Rubric: f. 1r Κλαυδίου Πτολεμαίου, ἁρμονική

TLG 0363.010

The text is accompanied by diagrams; between lines and in the margins the scribe wrote extensive scholia (see Mathiesen 1988, p. 291, and I. Düring, Die Harmonielehre des Klaudios Ptolemaios (Göteborg, 1930), pp. xcviii-c)

1.1. ff. 1r-20v
Book 1
Rubric: f. 1v Κλαυδίου Πτολεμαίου ἁρμονικῶν, πρῶτον
Incipit: f. 1v Περὶ τῶν ἐν ἁρμονικῆ[sic] κριτηρίων. Ἁρμονικὴ μέν ἐστι, δύναμις καταληπτική
Explicit: f. 20v δύο λόγους ἔχει τονιαίους.

The text is preceded by a table of contents on f. 1r

1.2. ff. 21r-44v
Book 2
Rubric: f. 21r Κλαυδίου Πτολεμαίου, ἁρμονικῶν, δεύτερον
Incipit: f. 21v Πῶς ἂν καὶ διὰ τῆς αἰσθήσεως ληφθεῖεν οἱ τῶν συνήθων γενῶν λόγοι
Explicit: f. 40v ἐπὶ τὰς ἰσοτονίας, ἀποκαταστάσεως.
Final rubric: f. 40v Τέλος τοῦ δευτέρου τῶν τοῦ Πτολεμαίου ἁρμονικῶν

The text is preceded by a table of contents on f. 21r; ff. 41r-43v are occupied by diagrams

1.3. ff. 45r-60r
Book 3
Rubric: f. 45r Κλαυδίου Πτολεμαίου ἁρμονικῶν, τρίτον
Incipit: f. 46r Πῶς ἂν ἡ δι’ ὅλου χρῆσις[sic] τε καὶ ἀνάκρισις γίνοιτο τῶν λόγων διὰ πεντεκαιδεκαχόρδου κανόνος
Explicit: f. 60r l. 17 καὶ διὰ[sic] πάντας ἐπισφαλεῖς.

The text is preceded by a table of contents on f. 45r

On f. 60r the scribe wrote in red ink Ἰδοῦ τὸ τέλος τοῦ βιβλίου

There is a lacuna in the text between f. 56v l. 14 and f. 57r, αἱ τῶν παρακειμένων ἀριθμῶν ἐν τῇ καταγραφῇ διαφοραί … Ὅτι τῇ κατὰ μῆκος κινήσει τῶν ἀστέρων ( I. Düring, Die Harmonielehre des Klaudios Ptolemaios (Göteborg, 1930), pp. 103 l. 4-104 l. 17); after f. 56 l. 17, the scribe crossed out with a line the rest of the text on the page (it is the beginning of the last chapter of book 3) and traced an asterisk, which recalls the missing text, copied by him on ff. 60r l. 18-60v

1.4. ff. 60r l. 18-60v
Book 3, fragment

After the end of the text of Book 3 (f. 60r l. 18), the scribe wrote a passage of Book 3, chapter 9 which fills the lacuna between f. 56v l. 14 and f. 57r (it is I. Düring, Die Harmonielehre des Klaudios Ptolemaios (Göteborg, 1930), p. 103 l. 5-104 l. 17), indicating in the margin that the passage should be placed previously, as shown by the asterisk, which recalls the place of the lacuna on f. 56v

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: Western paper, folded in folio. Watermarks: ff. [i]-[iii], [vi]-[viii] Grapes with a leaf, under the grapes letters ‘ MDP’ ( 57 × 35 mm. ), in the centre of the leaf, no exact parallels found in the main repertoires. ff. 1-6 Coat of arms surmounted by a quatrefoil, under it name ‘A DVRAND’ ( 100 × 63 mm. ), in the centre of the leaf, similar to Heawood Coat of arms 655 , which is dated to 1677 (London), and 661 (NP). ff. 7-60, [iv]-[v] Lily on a cartouche, under the cartouche ‘ 4WR’, countermark ‘IHS’, under these letters ‘IP’ surmounted by a Latin cross ( 140 × 70 mm. ), in the centre of leaf, similar to Heawood Lily 1785 and 1785a , which are dated to 1670.
Extent: Codex: 3 + 62 + 3 leaves. ca. 380 × 245 mm.
Foliation:

Modern foliation in pencil, in Arabic numerals, in the upper margin right, from 1 to 60; three blank leaves at the beginning and five at the end of the manuscript are unnumbered: [i]-[iii] + 1-60, [iv]-[v] + [vi]-[viii].

Collation

The quires have been sewn very tightly, the binding is in bad condition, there is no numbering of the quires, therefore it is not possible to ascertain with certainty the original collation.

Condition

The manuscript is in fair condition. The left pastedown is almost completely detached from the text block; f. [iii] is detached. The leaves' edges are brittle and flickering. There are tears on various leaves, see e.g. ff. [iv]-[v]. The leaves are yellowed and there are yellow and brown stains throughout.

Layout

A single column of 38 lines. Text lines are sometimes traced in brown ink (see e.g. f. 49r). 230 × 145 mm.

Hand(s)

ff. 1r-13v, 16r-21r, 27r-29v Hand A: the text has been written in a minuscule script, quite regular in size, probably by a western European hand. The script can be dated in the 17th c.

The text is written in brown ink; titles and initials in red.

Decoration

On ff. 1r, 1v, 21r, 21v, 45r, 46r there are undulated linear friezes in red ink with clovers at both ends.

Initials in ekthesis in red ink decorated with a vegetal motif, see e.g. f. 1v,

The text is accompanied by diagrams.

Additions

On f. [i] recto are written an ancient mark, ‘ A.13’, and a title, Πτολεμαίου Ἁρμονική.

Binding

Modern western full reversed skin binding, pasteboards. Blind tooling on covers. On the spine are glued three paper labels with the shelfmark. 382 × 245 × 20 mm.

The binding is damaged on the spine, the book block is exposed, and the left board is detached.

History

Origin:

The manuscript was owned by the English classical scholar and antiquarian Thomas Gale (ca. 1635-1702) and was copied around the middle of the 17th century in England, from Oxford, St. John's College, MS 30. The manuscript was copied before 1682: it was lent from Gale to John Wallis, who published the first printed edition of the text in that year, and, in the introduction of the volume, wrote that the manuscript (G in his edition) had been copied from Oxford, St. John's College, MS 30 (I in his edition) a few years earlier (‘ qui fuerat, uti intellego, ex I (codice Johannensi) ante non multos annos descriptus’). The date is confirmed by the watermarks.

Provenance and Acquisition

It was donated by Roger Gale (1672-1744) in 1738. On f. [ii] verso is pasted the Trinity College bookplate. Stamps of Trinity College Library are present on ff. 2r, 78v and 79r.

Additional Information

Record Sources

Description (2020) partly draws on M.R. James, The Western Manuscripts in the Library of Trinity College Cambridge (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1902), vol. 3, p. 318 and T.J. Mathiesen, Ancient Greek music theory: a catalogue raisonné of manuscripts (München, 1988), pp. 290-292, no. 118

Availability

Visitors to Trinity College who wish to consult Special Collections material are required to apply to the Library in advance of their visit. For information on eligibility and admission procedures see: Trinity College: Information for Readers.

Bibliography

    Klaudiou Ptolemaiou Harmonikōn biblia 3. Claudii Ptolemæi Harmonicorum libri tres: Ex codd. MSS. undecim, nunc primum Græce editus / Johannes Wallis, SS. Th. D. Geometriæ Professor Savilianus Oxoniæ, Regiæ Societatis Londini Sodalis, Regiæque Majestati à Sacris; recensuit, edidit, versione et notis illustravit, et auctarium adjecit., Ptolemy, (Oxonii, e Theatro Sheldoniano, 1682) The western manuscripts in the library of Trinity College: a descriptive catalogue, James, M.R. (Cambridge, 3, Cambridge University Press, 1902) Die Harmonielehre des Klaudios Ptolemaios Göteborgs högskolas årsskrift, (Göteborg, Elanders boktraktiebolag, 1930) Ancient Greek music theory: a catalogue raisonné of manuscripts International inventory of musical sources. B, Mathiesen, T. J. (München, Henle, 1988)

Funding of Cataloguing

The Polonsky Foundation

Digital Images

Cambridge Digital Library