Medieval Manuscripts in Cambridge Libraries: Cambridge, Trinity College, MS O.1.10

Diktyon no.: Diktyon 11955

Introduction: This manuscript contains Origen's Philocalia. Origen, a theologian who lived between the end of the 3rd and the first half of the 4th century CE, was reportedly a very prolific author; however, few of his writings survive, due to the condemnation of his teachings. The Philocalia is an anthology of texts by Origen in twenty-seven chapters, principally in the area of Biblical exegesis. The text, as it is common in the manuscripts, is preceded by a letter by Gregory of Nazianzus to Theodore bishop of Tyane, the most ancient document citing the Philocalia (see, among others, M. Harl, N. De Lange, Origène Philocalie, 1-20 Sur les Écritures et la lettre à Africanus sur l'histoire de Suzanne (Paris, 1983), pp. 19-24). This copy of the Philocalia was produced at the beginning of the 17th century: the transcription of the Greek text was completed in September 1606, that of the Latin text in September 1604. The Greek text was copied from Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Cod. Graec. 523 (see J. Armitage Robinson, 'On the Text of the Philocalia of Origen', The Journal of Philology 18 (1889), 36-68 (p. 47)). It was owned by the German librarian, editor and scholar David Hoeschel (1556-1617), and, later, by Thomas Gale. Five folded leaves have been bound with the manuscript. These contain Origen's Epistula ad Iulium Africanum, and Sextus Iulius Africanus' Epistula ad Origenem. They were copied in 1629 by Patrick Young (1584-1652), Greek scholar and royal librarian. Dr Erika Elia

Language(s): Greek and Latin

1. ff. 1:1r-1:3r

Dedication by G. Genebrard to Jacques de Billy de Prunay (Jacobus Billius), Abbot of Saint-Michel-en-l'Herm

Incipit: f. 1:1r Doctissimo, et rebus omnibus ornatissimo, Domino Iacobo Billio, Santi Michaelis in Eremo coenobi

Explicit: f. 1:3r Vale in Domino. Lutetiae, Calendis Octobris 1573

The text is written only on the recto of the leaves

2. ff. 1:3v-2:293v

Origen, Philocalia (Greek)

The text is written only on the verso of the leaves; the Greek and Latin texts are written on facing pages

TLG 2042.019

2.1. ff. 1:3v-1:5v

Table of contents (Greek)

Incipit: f. 1:3v Κεφάλαιον α^ον. Περὶ τοῦ θεοπνεύστου τῆς θείας γραφῆς

Explicit: f. 1:5v Κεφάλαιον κζ΄. Εἰς τὸ Ἐσκλήρυνε Κύριος τὴν καρδίαν Φαραώ

2.2. f. 1:6v

Prologue (Greek)

Incipit: f. 1:6v l. 1 Ἐκλογὴν ἡ παροῦσα περιέχει βίβλος

Explicit: f. 1:6v l. 7 ἔχουσα οὕτως

Short version, as contained in MS Venice, Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, gr. 122 (D), Harl 1983, p. 162 apparatus; Armitage Robinson 1893, p. 1 ll. 1-6

2.3. f. 1:6v

Gregory, of Nazianzus, Letter to Theodore bishop of Tyana (Greek)

Incipit: f. 1:6v l. 7 Θεοδώρῳ τῷ τὰ Τύανα ἐπισκοποῦντι. Ἑορτὴ καὶ τὰ γράμματα

Explicit: f. 1:6v l. 16 καὶ πνεύματι βοηθούμενος

Also TLG 2022.001 (letter 115)

2.4. ff. 1:7v-2:293v

Philocalia (Greek)

Incipit: f. 1:7v Περὶ τοῦ θεοπνεύστου τῆς θείας γραφῆς ... Ἐπειδὴ περὶ τηλικούτων

Explicit: f. 2:293v καὶ τῶν γηΐνων πράξεων

Final rubric: f. 2:293v Τέλος τῶν φιλοκαλιῶν Ὡριγένους, καὶ τῷ θεῷ δόξα

ff. 1:7v-2:31v Chapter 1
ff. 2:31v-2:35v Chapter 2
ff. 2:35v-2:36v Chapter 3
ff. 2:36v-2:37v Chapter 4
ff. 2:37v-2:45v Chapter 5
ff. 2:45v-2:47v Chapter 6
ff. 2:47v-2:49v Chapter 7
ff. 2:49v-2:52v Chapter 8
ff. 2:52v-2:57v Chapter 9
ff. 2:57v-2:59v Chapter 10
ff. 2:59v-2:61v Chapter 11
ff. 2:61v-2:64v Chapter 12
ff. 2:64v-2:69v Chapter 13
ff. 2:69v-2:72v Chapter 14
ff. 2:72v-2:89v Chapter 15
ff. 2:89v-2:93v Chapter 17 (16 in the MS)
ff. 2:93v-2:100v Chapter 16 (17 in the MS)
ff. 2:100v-2:127v Chapter 18
ff. 2:127v-2:132v Chapter 19
ff. 2:132v-2:164v Chapter 20
ff. 2:164v-2:199v Chapter 21
ff. 2:199v-2:211v Chapter 22
ff. 2:211v-2:239v Chapter 23
ff. 2:239v-2:254v Chapter 24
ff. 2:254v-2:261v Chapter 25
ff. 2:261v-2:275v Chapter 26
ff. 2:275v-2:293v Chapter 27

TLG 2042.005; CPG 1453

ff. [b] recto-[i] verso are blank

TLG 2042.019

2.5. f. 2:293v

Colophon

Colophon: f. 2:293v Prid. Non. Septembris 1606

3. ff. 1:4r-2:294r

Origen Gilbert Génébrard (1537-1597) (trl) Latin translation by Gilbert Génébrard of Philocalia

The text is written only on the recto of the leaves; the Greek and Latin texts are written on facing pages

3.1. ff. 1:4r-1:6r

Table of contents (Latin)

Rubric: f. 1:4r Index eorum quae hoc libro tractantur

Incipit: f. 1:4r De sacra scriptura divinitus inspirata

Explicit: f. 1:6r l. 20 In illud, induravit dominus cor Pharaonis

3.2. ff. 1:6r-1:7r

Prologue (Latin)

Rubric: f. 1:6r l. 21 Origenes de amore pulchri

Incipit: f. 1:6r Collectionem hic liber complectitur

Explicit: f. 1:7r l. 3 epistola declarat

3.3. f. 1:7r

Letter of Gregory of Nazianzus to Theodore bishop of Tyana (Latin translation)

Incipit: f. 1:7r l. 4 Gregorius Nazianzenus, Theodoro Thyaneo episcopo

Explicit: f. 1:7r l. 12 studio atque spiritu favens

After the end of the text, on f. 1:7r, another hand added the Latin translation by Iohannes Leunclavius (Löwenklau) of the epistle by Gregory of Nazianzus to Theodore bishop of Tyana

3.4. ff. 2:1r-2:294r

Philocalia (Latin translation) Gilbert Génébrard (1537-1597) (trl)

Rubric: f. 2:1r Philocalia Origenis sive de amore honesti G. Genebrardo theologo Parisino interprete

Incipit: f. 2:1r De divinitus inspirata ... quoniam de tantis rebus

Explicit: f. 2:294r suspirio

Final rubric: f. 2:294r Finis Philocaliae

ff. 2:1r-2:32r Chapter 1
ff. 2:32r-2:36r Chapter 2
ff. 2:36r-2:37r Chapter 3
ff. 2:37r-2:38r Chapter 4
ff. 2:38r-2:46r Chapter 5
ff. 2:46r-2:48r Chapter 6
ff. 2:48r-2:50r Chapter 7
ff. 2:50r-2:53r Chapter 8
ff. 2:53r-2:58r Chapter 9
ff. 2:58r-2:60r Chapter 10
ff. 2:60r-2:62r Chapter 11
ff. 2:62r-2:65r Chapter 12
ff. 2:65r-2:70r Chapter 13
ff. 2:70r-2:73r Chapter 14
ff. 2:73r-2:90r Chapter 15
ff. 2:90r-2:94r Chapter 17 (16 in the MS)
ff. 2:94r-2:101r Chapter 16 (17 in the MS)
ff. 2:101r-2:128r Chapter 18
ff. 2:128r-2:133r Chapter 19
ff. 2:133r-2:165r Chapter 20
ff. 2:165r-2:200r Chapter 21
ff. 2:200r-2:212r Chapter 22
ff. 2:212r-2:240r Chapter 23
ff. 2:240r-2:255r Chapter 24
ff. 2:255r-2:262r Chapter 25
ff. 2:262r-2:276r Chapter 26
ff. 2:276r-2:294r Chapter 27

3.5. f. 2:294r

f. 2:294r Colophon

Colophon: Anno 1604 Nonis Septembris

Physical Description

Form: codex

Support: Western paper, folded in quarto. Watermarks: ff. iii-vii, 1:1-1:7, 2:1-2:51 Eagle, double-headed ( ca. 75 × 60 mm. ), in the gutter, comparable to Briquet Aigle 300 , which is dated in 1591-1592. ff. 2:52-2:[294a] Undefined form in a circle. ff. [d], i-ii, [viii]-[x] Letter P/Y (?) surmounted by a shield with a cross ( 45 × 13 mm. ), in the gutter, no parallels found in the main repertoires. ff. [a]-[c], [e]-[g] Pro Patria, with a countermark formed by a coat of arms with letters ‘ G R’ in a circle ( 110 × 95 mm. ), in the gutter, comparable to Heawood Pro Patria 3700 , which is dated to 1747 (England).

Extent: Codex: iii + 8 + 295 + 3 + 5 + iii leaves. 200 × 155 mm.

Foliation:

Foliation in brown ink, in Arabic numerals, in the upper margin right, from 1 to 294; modern foliation in pencil, in Roman numerals, in the upper margin right, from i to vii, for seven initial endleaves ([iia] is a stub); modern foliation in pencil, in Arabic numerals, in the upper margin right, from 1 to 5, for 5 single paper leaves, of larger dimension, folded and bound at the end of the manuscript between ff. [x] and [e]; at the beginning there are three unnumbered later endleaves (ff. [a]-[c]), and an unnumbered endleaf (f. [d]); at the end there are an unnumbered endleaf (f. [294a]), which is still attached to f. 294 along the upper edge (not cut, only 294r and [294a] verso are imaged), three unnumbered endleaves (ff. [viii]-[x]) and three unnumbered later endleaves (ff. [e]-[g]): [a]-[d] + i-ii, [iia], iii-vii + 1:1-1:7, 2:1-2:294, [294a] + [viii]-[x] + 3:1-3:5 + [e]-[g].

Collation

The manuscript consists of quaternions and binions. Quire 9 is a quanternion which lacks the last leaf (a stub is visible, without loss of text). Folios 3:1-3:5 are single leaves, independent from the rest of the manuscript, which have been bound in it.

3 later endleaves ff. [a]-[c] (18^th c.)
Quire 1²⁺¹ ff. [d], i-ii
Quires 2-8⁸ ff. iii-vii, 1:-1:7, 2:1-2:44
Quire 9^8-1 ff. 2:45-2:51
Quires 10-70⁴ ff. 2:52-2:[294a]
3 endleaves, ff. [viii]-[x]
5 leaves bound in the manuscript ff. 3:1-3:5
3 later endleaves ff. [e]-[g] (18^th c.)

Horizontal catchwords in the lower part, right, of each page, in the scribe's hand.

Condition

The manuscript is in fair condition. The book block is split between ff. 2:51-2:52. There are worm holes throughout, as well as orange and brown stains.

Layout

A single column of 16-19 lines, mostly 17. ca. 160 × ca. 115 mm.

Hand(s)

ff. 2:1r-2:294r Hand A: the text has been written by a single scribe, in a minuscule script, slanting to the right, probably by a non-Greek native scribe. Since in the Latin script are detectable forms which are similar to some of the Greek script (for example, the forms of a and alfa, of q and rho with a very inclined upright), the same scribe could have copied both the Greek and the Latin text.

The text is written in brown ink.

The scribe wrote also marginal notes throughout the whole text.

Hand a: another hand, also datable in the 17th century, wrote some notes on f. [d] recto; in the opinion of James (1902, p. 9), this could be the hand of Thomas Gale.

The ink is light brown.

Hand b: another hand, also datable in the 17th century, wrote on f. iii recto, and added a text on f. 1:7r.

The ink is brown.

ff. [d] verso, 3:1r-3:5v Hand c: Patrick Young (1584-1652) (for the identification see James (1902), p. 9), wrote some notes on f. [d] verso, and the texts on 5 folded leaves which were added to the manuscript (see Accompanying Material). He also added a text in Latin on f. 1:7r.

The ink is brown.

Additions

On the left pastedown are written in brown ink, the old shelfmark ‘ E.16’, the old number‘ n^o 253’, and the present shelfmark ‘ O.1.10’.

On f. [d] recto there are some notes in Latin mentioning the edition of Origen Contra Celsum by David Hoeschel (the editio princeps, of 1606, printed in Augsburg), and the fact that the manuscript was collated with a codex of New College Library, Oxford (probably Oxford, New College, 147). Below are written two previous shelfmarks, ‘ E.16’, and ‘ O.2.18’, both erased.

On f. [d] verso there is a note in Latin, in Patrick Young's hand, mentioning the beginning of Theodoret's Quaestiones In Reges et Paralipomenon, as contained in a manuscript ‘ in Bibliotheca Christianissimi Regis’, in the Library of the King of France.

On f. iii recto there is a sort of title page indicating:

the contents of the manuscript, Origenes Philocalia
the fact that it was copied from a manuscript from Cyprus by a scribe who knew Greek
that the Greek text is accompanied by the Latin translation by G. Genebrard
a dedication note from David Hoeschel to Henry Wotton, qualified as ambassador in Venice of the King of Britain (he was appointed in December 1603, and was in Venice since 1604; he was ambassador in the city also in 1616 and 1621).

On f. [x] verso there are two notes in Latin: the first cites Cicero's oration ‘ De provinciis consularibus’, the second names Isaac Vossius in relation with the Philocalia: ‘ Philocaliam habet Isaacus Vossius bis’.

Binding

Western modern binding. Paper cover over pasteboards; parchment on spine, on which are pasted three paper labels with the shelfmark, ‘ O’ ‘1’ ‘10’. Edges painted in green; the colour on the fore-edge has faded partially, probably due to water or humidity. 210 × 160 × ca. 65 mm.

The cover is a little discolored and worn near the edges. The spine is damaged.

Accompanying Material

Five folded leaves, ff. 3:1-3:5, have been bound between ff. [x]-[e].

They contain:

ff. 3:1r-3:5r Origen , Epistula ad Iulium Africanum, inc. Ωριγένης[sic] Ἀφρικἀνῳ ἀγαπήτῳ[sic] ἀδελφῷ ἐν θεῷ πατρὶ διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ ἁγίου παιδὸς, εὖ πράττειν. Ἡ μὲν σὴ ἐπιστολή, expl. σὺ τὸν καλὸν ἡμῖν πάπαν Ἀπολινάριον ἄσπασαι, καὶ τοὺς ἀγαπῶντας ἡμᾶς (TLG 2042.045; CPG 1494; PG 11, 48-85)
f. 3:5r Colophon: ‘ Novembris 4^to 1629 in palatio Divi Jacobi’
ff. 3:5v Sextus Iulius Africanus , Epistula ad Origenem, inc. Αφρικανοῦ[sic] περὶ τῆς κατὰ Σουσάνναν ἱστορίας. Χαῖρε κύριέ μου, expl. κατὰ νοῦν, θεῷ εὔχομαι (TLG 2956.003; CPG 1692; PG 11, 41-48)

The texts were copied by Patrick Young (see Hands) in 1629 in St James Palace.

History

Origin:

The copying of the Greek text was completed on 4th September 1606, whereas the transcription of the Latin translation was finished earlier, on 5th September 1604, as recorded by the two colophons written by the scribe on ff. 2:293v and 2:294r respectively. The text of the Philocalia was copied from a Cypriot manuscript, according to a note written on f. iii recto: ‘ Ex codice Cyprio descripta manu Graecae linguae studiosi, posita e regione Gilberti Genebrardi Interpretatione’.

Provenance and Acquisition

The manuscript was probably in the hands of David Hoeschel (1556-1617) : on f. iii recto there is a dedication by him to Henry Wotton (1568-1639) : ‘ Illustrissimo et generosissimo Domino Henrico Vuottonio, serenissimi et potentissimi Regis magnae Britanniae apud Vene- tos Oratori, felicem ex Italia in Germaniam gratulatus reditum David Hoeschelius, A.’

The manuscript was part of the collection of the antiquary Thomas Gale (ca. 1635-1702) . It appears among Thomas Gale's Greek manuscripts in E. Bernard, Catalogi librorum manuscriptorum Angliæ et Hiberniæ, Oxoniæ 1697, p. 187: no. 5909 (75) ‘ Origenis Philocalia, una cum Genebrardi versione Latina, collata cum aliis MSS. et quidem editis melior. Fuit pridem liber Hoeschelii.’; and p. 188: no. 5962 (128) ‘ Origenis et Jul. Africani Epistolae integrae de Susanna.’

It was donated to Trinity College by Roger Gale (1672-1744) in 1738. On f. [d] verso is pasted the Trinity College bookplate. Stamps of Trinity College Library on ff. 1:1r, 3:5v.

Additional Information

Record Sources

Description (2021) draws partly on M.R. James, The Western Manuscripts in the Library of Trinity College Cambridge (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1902), vol. 3, p. 9

Availability

Visitors to Trinity College who wish to consult Special Collections material are required to apply to the Library in advance of their visit. For information on eligibility and admission procedures see: Trinity College: Information for Readers.

Bibliography

The western manuscripts in the library of Trinity College: a descriptive catalogue, James, M.R. (Cambridge, 3, Cambridge University Press, 1902)

The Philocalia of Origen, Armitage Robinson, J. (Cambridge, University Press, 1893)

Sur les Écritures: Philocalie, 1-20 / Origène; et La lettre à Africanus sur l'histoire de Suzanne / Origène Sources chrétiennes, Harl, MargueriteDe Lange, N.R.M. (Paris, Cerf, 1983)

Funding of Cataloguing

The Polonsky Foundation

Digital Images

Cambridge Digital Library

Abbreviations

View list of abbreviations and editorial conventions.

Medieval Manuscripts in Cambridge Libraries

Cambridge, Trinity College, MS O.1.10

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