Cambridge, Trinity College, MS O.9.10
Medical and religious compilation
Contents
Language(s): Latin, Middle English, Anglo-Norman, English
Full transcription. Added in the 15th century.
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century.
Full transcription. Added (upside down) in red ink the 16th century.
Added in the 15th century.
Shows similarities with the glossary called ‘Synonyma Bartholomei’.
Added in the (?) 16th century.
Full transcription. Added (upside down) by William Field in the 16th century. John de Culneham [Culham, Oxfordshire] is also referred to on f. 70v: ‘John’ (upside down) and ‘John de Cul[?ham]’ (upside down). His first name ‘Johannem’ may also be referred to in the outer margin of f. 56r.
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century.
The names of the three scripts are written in their respective scripts (Anglicana, Secretary and Italic). A simimlar note, written by the same hand, can be found on f. 33r (outer margin).
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century.
The names of the three scripts are written in their respective scripts (Anglicana, Secretary and Italic). A simimlar note, written by the same hand, can be found on f. 33r (outer margin).
Full transcription. Added (upside down) in red ink in the 16th century.
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century.
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century.
Full transcription. Added (updside down) in the 16th century.
Full transcription. Added (updside down) in the 16th century.
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century.
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century, perhaps by William Field. The same saying can also be found on f. 56r (outer margin but it was later erased and is now only legible with UV light.
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century by William Field.
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century. The same reference can be found on f. 55r (lower margin).
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century by William Field.
The text discusses the fortunes of men and women separately.
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century by William Field perhaps as a draft indenture.
Gensler (2004) discusses and edits two other copies of this treatise, entitled ‘De planetis et eorum virtute’, in Lambeth, Palace Library, MSS 70 and 74. Gensler states that the Lambeth texts are the ‘only identified medieval copies of the work’ (p. 209). Since both manuscripts contain works by Walter Burley, scholars have atributed it to Burley as well. However, there is no evidence for his authorship. Considering that this treatise also occurs outside the context of Burley's works, this attribution seems extremely tenuous.
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century.
The treatise contains various suheadings, including ‘De virtutibus ffleugbotomie’ (f. 73r); ‘Nota de tribus fferijs secundis in anno in quibus nullus debet fflegbotimari’ (f. 73v); ‘De venis in corpore’ (f. 73v); ‘Dies periculisi’ (f. 73v); and a section on phlebotomy for veins in each location from head to foot (ff. 74r-75v)
The tract accompanies a large full-page drawing of a Zodiac Man (crowned).
Full transcription. The tract accompanies a large full-page drawing of a Zodiac Man (crowned).
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century.
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century. The same sentence is written in red ink on f. 94r (upper margin).
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century. The same inscription can be found on f. 90r (lower margin) but there it is accompanied by an English translation.
This tract contains an indulgenced instruction for twenty salutations (Hail Maries) to different parts of the Virgin Mary's body that need to be peformed in front of an image of her; the Hail Mary; an instruction to venerate the Five Joys of the Virgin Mary that with each Joy dedicated to one of the letters of the name ‘Maria’ , featuring prayers that being with the letters in question (‘Ad laudem quinque Gaudiorum virginis marie per quinque litteras nomini suo adaptatas scilicet maria’); and ending with a prayer to the titles of the Virgin Mary, beginning: ‘Salue uirgo gloriosa / Parens femina formosa / ffunde preces pulcra rosa - Pro nobis ad filium’.
Full transcription. For a similar prayer, see Heffernan, Carol F. “The Wyse Boke of Maystyr Peers of Salerne: Edition and Study of a Fourteenth-Century Treatise of Popular Medicine.” Manuscripta 37, n. 3 (1993): 291-321
A compilation of ninety poems on herbs drawn from Macer Floridus, Henry of Huntingdon (‘Anglicanus ortus’), Pseudo-Apuleius, Constantine the African, and other sources.
Full transcription. Added (upside down) in the 16th century. The same inscription can be found on f. 85r (outer margin).
Full transcription. Added (upside down) in the 16th century. The same inscription can be found on f. 85r (outer margin) but without an English translation.
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century. The same proverb can be found in William Baldwin, The Sayings of the Wise, or Food for Thought. A Book of Moral Wisdom, Gathered from the Ancient Philosophers, ed. by (London: Stock, 1908), p. 127.
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century. The same sentence is written in red ink on f. 76r.
Full transcription. Added (upside down) by William Field in the 16th century.
Full transcription. Added (upside down) in the 16th century. The title is preceded by the word ‘haberdasher’, also in William Field's hand.
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century. The same date reference can be found on f. 107r (upper margin).
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century. The same date reference can be found on f. 98r (upper margin)
Two of the medical recipes are attributed to the Franciscan friar and medical practitioner William Holme (fl. 1380-1415): ‘Per W. Holm’ and ‘Expertum per .W. Holm’.
Another 15th-century hand has added one line below the original text: ‘Pro osse de corde cerui . rasure cornu eiusdem’
A very similiar text is edited from a manuscript in Paris in Julius Leopold Pagel, Die angebliche Chirurgie des Johannes Mesuë, jun. (Berlin: August Hirschwald, 1893), pp. 69-72.
Full transcription. Added (upside down) in the 16th century.
Full transcription. Added in the 16th century. The same reference can be found on f. 55r (lower margin).
The collection is in Latin except for the last two recipes, which are in Middle English: ‘Pro Emigraneo’ and ‘Pro \tola/ webbe in oculo’ (f. 142r). The collection contains two recipes that are associated with specific persons: ‘Pillule regis Francie’ (f. 141r) and ‘Tractatus per A.H. ad menstraua prouocandum’ (f. 142r).
The first recipe is titled: ‘Cerebro nocent’. Two recipes follow, one for cooling the stomach, and another for sleeping well.
The recipes, involving a plaster and ointment, were added by the same 15th century that added astrological tracts to f. 144v.
Added by the same 15th-century hand that has added medical recipes to f. 144r and the other astrological tracts on f. 144v.
Added by the same 15th-century hand that has added medical recipes to f. 144r and the other astrological tracts on f. 144v.
Added by the same 15th-century hand that has added medical recipes to f. 144r and the other astrological tracts on f. 144v.
The Middle English rubric is not recorded in Mooney (1995).
Full transcription. Added (3x) in the 16th century, copying an inscription in a decorative banderol that accompanies a drawing of a dog in the lower margin of f. 71v.
Physical Description
20th-century foliation:
[a-c] + i-iv + 1-144 + [d]
Numbering in pencil in the upper right-hand corner of the rectos.Collation
- Quires 1-188 (ff. 1-144)
1-188
A loose handwritten note by Professor Linne Mooney (dated 22 July 2003) notes that the manuscript is misbound and that the correct order should be: ‘i-iv’, ‘89-120’, ‘1-88’, ‘121-144’.
Leaf signatures consisting of combinations of letters from the Roman alphabet and Roman numerals in the lower outer corners of the rectos of the first or both halves of quires: Quires 1-11 (ff. 1-88): ‘e’-‘p’; Quires 12-15 (ff. 89-120): ‘a’-‘d’; and Quires 18 (ff. 137-144): ‘t’.
Catchwords written in decorative banderols of dark ink (often accompanied by hybrid, zoomorphic or human figures) in the lower inner corners of the last versos of quires.Layout
190 × 145 mm. Ruled in leadpoint, frame and line ruling. Two columns. 35-37 lines to the page, written below top line.
Hand(s)
The manuscript has been copied in an anglicana script by the Franciscan friar John Holbeach [Holbeche] (fl. 1411) (see Origin for further details on Holbeach). It is possible, as Winston Black suggests (see the introduction to this catalogue record), that Holbeach added to a pre-existing combined herbal and lapidary on ff. 89-113). However, this is uncertain: the apparent differences between the handwriting in this part and the rest of the manuscript may have arisen from Holbeach's use of a darker ink and a quill with a broader nib, as well as an initial intention to imitate the style of the handwriting and decoration of his exemplar.
Additional texts to the manuscript's opening (ff. [iii] recto-[iv] recto) and final leaves (ff. 144r-144v) and margins throughout are written in a variety of cursive scripts from the 15th- and 16th centuries.
Decoration
An original drawing of a dog with a collar and a bell in dark ink in the lower margin of f. 71v. The dog is accompanied by a banderol that cautions the reader: ‘Bewar of my shappe’ (these words are repeated on f. 144v by a different 15th- or 16th-century hand on f. 144v).
Catchwords written inside decorative banderols in dark ink, almost all accompanied by an animal, hybrid, or human figure in dark or red ink: see 8v (hybrid with a ? flute), 16v (rabbit), 24v (hybrid), 32v (bird), 48v (ape), 56v (hybrid), 64v (a human foot; evidently illustrating the catchwords: ‘habenti pedes’),72v (a man with a ? flute), 80v (two feet with stigmas disappearing into a cloud; evidently illustrating the catchwords: ‘Alia die ascendit’), 88v (a crowned hybrid with a banderol bidding the reader ‘far wel’, 96v (rabbit), 104v (hybrid), 120v (hybrid).
A circular diagram with information for prognostication is drawn in red ink on f. 75v.
A full-page diagram of the Zodiac Man, bearded and crowned, drawn with dark ink and featuring the names of the Signs of the Zodiac on his body in red ink on f. 76r.
A small drawing within the columns of a six-pointed star in dark and red ink that represents a figure that needs to be drawn on a gemstone or worn on another type of amulet on ff. 69r, and f. 69v.
Manicules consisting of hands wearing jewelled gloves in dark or red ink (see ff. 42v, 50r, 54v).
Added 15th- and 16th-century marginal drawings, including: a drawing of a deer in brown ink and a goat in red ink on f. ii verso; a goat in red ink, with the inscription ‘capra’ in the lower margin of f. 10v. a human figure (effaced) in the outer margin of f. 32r; human heads and figures in ink or plummet on ff. 46r (lower margin, a ? jester), 47v (lower margin), 52v (lower margin) (2x), 55r (lower margin) [detailed drawing of a man in Tudor dress], 86r (outer margin) [2x a woman with head dress] 91v [man with Tudor cap], 96r (upper margin) [woman in headdress], 100r (lower margin), and 128v (outer margin) [perhaps representing John Skeyton]; a man's head with an arrow in his eye in red ink on f. 51r [illustrating a recipe for treating eye injuries]; a dog and a dog's head red ink in the upper margin of f. 67r; a drawing of a human body, copying the Zodiac Man on f. 76r; bird heads (4x) in brown ink in the outer margin of f. 83r; a castle in dark ink (no colours) in the lower margin of f. 97v (perhaps Hampton Court); a cannon in dark ink in the upper margin of f. 98r; a queen, probably Elizabeth I modelled on Elizabethan coins with her portrait, in the lower margins of ff. 98r, 100r, and 101v (2x); a woman with headdress and a pendant in the outer margin of f. 117r; a castle on a hill in dark ink and coloured with green ink inside a square frame in the outer margin of f. 119r.
Ascenders of letters on the top lines of pages are sometimes decorated with drawings of fish in dark ink (see ff. 68v, 72r).
One large (3 lines) puzzle initial in blue and red ink and with a human face drawn with red ink inside the letter on f. 43r; and one large (2 lines) blue initial with the head of a zoomorphic or hybrid figure inside the letter outlines in red ink, inside a frame of red penwork decoration and red pen-flourishing extending into the margins, on f. 89r.
Large (3-4 lines) puzzle initials in blue and red with penwork decoration in red ink at the beginning of new texts or major divisions throughout (but not on ff. 50r-88v and 121r-143v, which do not feature the use of blue ink).
Large (2-3 lines) plain initials in blue or red, sometimes with minor forms of decoration, typically used for minor textual divisions except for sections of the manuscript that only feature initials in red ink (ff. 50r-88v and 121r-143v). These sections also feature large (3 lines) initials in red ink for major text divisions.
Titles for new works are written in red ink.
Line-fillers consist of wavey lines in red ink.
Paraphs in blue or red ink.
Underlining in red ink.
Large regular initials in dark ink sometimes higlighted with red ink (see ff. 49v, 51r, 67r).
Small regular initials or words at the start of lines are occasionally highlighted in yellow (see ff. 1r-26v, 89r-120v and ff. 137r-143v).
Additions
Quire signatures ('1-18') in the bottom right-hand corner of the recto side of the first leaf of each quire, written in pencil by a hand of the 19th/20th century.
Binding
18th- or 19th-century half white vellum binding with grey paper sides over pasteboards.
Binding height: 285mm; width: 210mm; depth: 40mm.
History
The manuscript was copied by the Franciscan friar John Holbeach [Holbeche] (fl. 1411) , who was active as a scribe at Cambridge and ordained to hear confessions in the diocese of Ely in 1411 (Holbeach seems to have copied the entire manuscript but for another theory see Winston Black's introduction for this catalogue record and the Script section). Holbeach signs his name on f. 66v: ‘scribe Johannes Holbeche [...] ordinis minorum’. Holbeach also asked for prayers for his soul in colophons he added while copying Nicholas of Lyra's Postilla litteralis in uetus testamentum, now Cambridge, Peterhouse, MS 85 (e.g. see ff. 101v and 235v) [see Robson (2018), p. 43; Jones (2022), p. 220].
Provenance and Acquisition
John Gylberd (fl. 1450-1550) : unidentified owner or user of he manuscript. His name inscribed on f. i verso: ‘John Gylberd’.
William Field [Feld or Feeld] (fl. 1500-1600) : unidentified owner of the manuscript, apparently a clerk who used the margins for drafting letters and indentures.
His ownership inscriptions on f. 13r: ‘Iste liber pertinet as I drew in my mynde ad me Willelmus ffeld so gentill and kind a pena inferna . god him defend ad vitam eternam at his lives end’ and ‘Iste liber pertinet as I drew in my mynde ad me willelmus ffelde so gentill and so kinde A pena inferna Jesu him defend Ad vitam eternam At his lives end’. Further ownership inscriptions are found in the outer margin of f. 20v (‘Iste liber pertinet as I drew in my mynd ad me Willelmus ffeld so gentell and so kind a pena Inferna god him deffend ad vitam eternam at his liffes end’), the upper margin of f. 44r (‘Iste liber pertinet as I drew in mynd ad me William ffeld aso gentill and kind a pena inferna’), the outer margin of f. 50v (‘Iste liber pertinet as I drew in mynd ad me W’), the outer margin of f. 55r (‘Iste liber pertinet as I drew in mynd ad me William ffeld so gent[e]ll and so kind a pena Inferna god him defend’ [the first half of this inscription is then repeated below twice]). His unfinished ownership inscriptions occur on f. 63v (‘Iste liber pertinent as I drew in my mynd’), f. 66r (‘Iste liber pertinet ?boare’ [2x]) and f. 120v (‘Iste liber pertinet’ [3x]).
Inscriptions of his name can be found throughout the manuscript: ‘Willelmo ffe’ on f. 20v, ‘William ffeld’ [2x] on f. 44r (outer margin), ‘William feld per attornatum’ in the upper margin of f. 46r, ‘William feeld’ in the outer margin of 47v (upside down), ‘William’ inscribed (with the name ‘Harison’) on f. 55r (lower margin), ‘Wyllyam Fylde’ (inscribed with the name ‘Lettes Wryght’ by the same hand) in the upper margin of f. 81r, ‘William ffeld’ written upside down (2x) in the lower margin of f. 82v, ‘William’ written (2x) in the upper margin and ‘William ffeld’ (2x with the name of ‘John Skeyton’ in the same hand) and ‘William per attornatum suum op. se’ writen in the lower margin of f. 83r, ‘Per me Willelmum’ written (2x) in the upper margin of f. 86v, ‘William feelde’ inscribed two times in different scripts (Italic and Gothic cursive) and ‘William sed’ written in the upper margin of f. 106v and ‘William feld per attornatum eorum se[u]’ in the upper margin of f. 125r.
His name below the full title of Queen Elizabeth I in the lower margin of f. 95v: ‘Ad Cur. manerij serenissimi et invictissimi domine Regine Elizabethe dei graciae angliae ffrauncie et hibernie ffidei defens et in terre Ecclesie Anglicane et Hibernie superius caput et fidei per me Willelmus ffeld’.
His name also occurs in relation to a possible client or patron on f. 34r (outer margin): ‘Per me Willelmus ffeld seruient. Edwardis [or Edmundis] Wryghte [...]’. The same inscription occurs in the upper margin of f. 101v.
John Skeyton (fl. 1500-1600) : unidentified owner or user of the manuscript, probably a relation of William Field (see f. 83r). His name can be found throughout the manuscript: ‘John Skeyton is my name dwelling at the [...]’ written in the lower margin of f. 43v, ‘John Skeyton is may na’ written in the lower margin of f. 49v, ‘John Skeyton’ (with the name ‘William Felde’ in the same hand) in the lower margin of f. 83r, and ‘John Skeyton’ in the outer margin of f. 128v. His first name occurs in various inscriptions: ‘John’ on 17v (lower margin), ‘John servaunt vnto the’ written three times in different colours (red, green, and brown ink) in the lower margin (upside down) of f. 78r. ‘That I may Johannem’ written in the outer margin of f. 106v. His memorandum in the outer margin of f. 45v: ‘Memorandum that I John - John Servaunt vnto the Right worshippfull Sir John’. His name inscribed with reference to a client or patron in the outer margin of f. 34r: ‘Per me Johannem Skeyton seruient. Georgis Harison Generosis’ and ‘Quod [...] per me Johannem’. (a ‘George Haryson’ and ‘John Skeyton’ are grantors in a indenture concerning the manor of Pocklington dated 1562-1563, see TNA E 326/12875).
Ferdinand Pope (fl. 1500-1600) : unidentified possible owner or user of the manuscript: his full name inscribed in the outer margin of f. 50v: ‘fferdinand pope the xxth day [...]’. His first name ‘fferdinand’ inscribed on ff. 1r, 13r, 51v (2x), and 53r (2x). However, despite suggestions that Ferdinand Pope inscribed his name into the manuscript it is possible that these inscriptions were in fact all added by William Field (see his provenance entry above). The latter used the manuscript's margins for drafting letters and indentures and was clearly able to execute different types of scripts.
Robert Stringer (fl. 1500-1600) : unidentified possible owner or user of this manuscript. His name inscribed in a draft sentence in the outer margin of f. 33v: ‘That I may serve thee to the honor and glorie amen by me yours to commaunde Robert stringer’. However, despite the suggestion that Robert Stringer inscribed his name into the manuscript it is possible that these inscriptions were in fact all added by William Field (see his provenance entry above). The latter used the manuscript's margins for drafting letters and indentures and was clearly able to execute different types of scripts.
Edmund York (fl. 1500-1600) : unidentified possible owner or user of the manuscript: his name inscribed twice in calligraphic letters in the outer margin of f. 39v: ‘emunde yorke’ and ‘Edmounde york’. His name is written five times in different scripts into the margin of f. 47v. His first name ‘Edmund’ and ‘Edmunde’ is also inscribed in the outer margin of f. 44r and the upper margin of f. 106v. However, despite suggestions that Edmund York may have inscribed his name into the manuscript it is possible that these inscriptions were in fact all added by William Field (see his provenance entry above). The latter used the manuscript's margins for drafting letters and indentures and was clearly able to execute different types of scripts.
Thomas Harison (fl. 1500-1600) : unidentified possible owner or user of this manuscript. A name inscription seemingly referring to the scribe occurs on f. 55r (outer margin): ‘Per me Thomam / Thomam’. Similarly, he appears to refer to himself on f. 71r (outer margin): ‘Indentor mei per me Thomam’ (but note that this inscription is immediately preceded by a reference to William Field in a similar if not the same hand: ‘Ad me W’). His name is also inscribed in a draft sentence in the upper margin of f. 34r: ‘Thomaus Harizon and then chall’. His first name (‘Thomam’) is inscribed in the outer margins of ff. 96v and 126r. The name ‘Harison’ is thrice inscribed in the outer margin of f. 65v (together with the inscription ‘vic. com. Sallopiae’). However, despite suggestions that Thomas Harison inscribed his name into the manuscript it is possible that these inscriptions were in fact all added by William Field (see his provenance entry above). The latter used the manuscript's margins for drafting letters and indentures and was clearly able to execute different types of scripts.
Thomas Faten de la Rosse (fl. 1560/1) : unidentified possible owner or user of this manuscript. His name is inscribed in the outer margin of f. 73r: ‘Thomas Faten De La Rosse [...] Anno tercio Regine Elizabeth’. His surname ‘de la Rosse’ also occurs in a draft indenture in red ink in the outer margin of f. 67r. However, despite suggestions that Thomas Faten inscribed his name into the manuscript it is possible that these inscriptions were in fact all added by William Field (see his provenance entry above). The latter used the manuscript's margins for drafting letters and indentures and was clearly able to execute different types of scripts.
Lettes [Lettis] Wright, fl. 1500-1600 : unidentified possible owner or user of this manuscript. Her name ‘Lettes Wryght’ is inscribed in red ink (together with the name ‘Wyllyam Fylde’) in the upper margin of f. 81r and by itself in the outer margin of f. 128r. Her name also appears an inscription in red ink in the upper margin of f. 75r: ‘Lettis wright do forge[...] aquayntaunce’). However, despite the suggestions that Lettes Wright inscribed his name into the manuscript it is possible that these inscriptions were in fact all added by William Field (see his provenance entry above). The latter used the manuscript's margins for drafting letters and indentures and was clearly able to execute different types of scripts.
Jane Wright, fl. 1500-1600 : unidentified possible owner or user of this manuscript. Her name is twice inscribed in red ink in the outer margin of f. 126r: ‘Jane Wright’. However, despite the suggestion that Jane Wright inscribed his name into the manuscript it is possible that these inscriptions were in fact all added by William Field (see his provenance entry above). The latter used the manuscript's margins for drafting letters and indentures and was clearly able to execute different types of scripts.
Jone Pynson, fl. 1500-1600 : unidentified possible owner or user of this manuscript. (?) Her name is inscribed in red ink in the outer margin of f. 126r: ‘Jone pynson’. However, despite the suggestion that Jone Pynson inscribed his name into the manuscript it is possible that these inscriptions were in fact all added by William Field (see his provenance entry above). The latter used the manuscript's margins for drafting letters and indentures and was clearly able to execute different types of scripts.
One of the manuscripts of Thomas Gale (1635/6-1702) , dean of York, antiquary and fellow of Trinity College Cambridge. The manuscript is listed as no. 363 (see f. i verso) in the list of Gale's manuscripts in Bernard, Catalogi librorum manuscriptorum Angliæ et Hiberniæ (1697).
One of the manuscripts of Roger Gale (1672-1744) , antiquary and scholar, son of Thomas Gale. Inherited from his father.
Donated to Trinity College by Roger Gale (1672-1744) , son of Thomas Gale (1635/6-1702), in 1738. The alpha-numerical elements of its current classmark are printed on three (much worn) labels pasted onto the spine (‘O’, ‘9’, ‘10’), and those of its current and previous classmarks are inscribed in the manuscript: ‘O.9.10’ in brown ink on the inside of the front cover ; ‘I.20’ and ‘O.16.16’ [both crossed] and ‘O.9.10’ in dark ink on f. i verso; ‘O.16.16’ [crossed out] in dark ink on f. iii recto. Its printed ex libris with coat of arms and name ‘Collegium S.S. et Individuae Trinitatis in Academia Cantabrigensis’ pasted in the outer margin of f. iii recto.
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Funding of Cataloguing
Wellcome (cataloguing). All images provided by Trinity College, Cambridge.
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Abbreviations
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