Medieval Manuscripts in Cambridge Libraries

A catalogue of Western manuscripts and papyri at Cambridge University Library, the Fitzwilliam Museum and selected Cambridge colleges

Cambridge, Gonville and Caius College, MS 716/63

Diktyon no.: Diktyon 11875

Contents

Introduction: This manuscript, probably copied in the early 12th century, contains a series of orations on a variety of religious subjects by Gregory of Nazianzus (c. 330-390), one of the most important patristic theologians, whose contributions to the theology of the Trinity were particularly influential. A selection of Gregory's orations were read in churches on particular feast days, and those presented here and the order in which they appear accord with this liturgical arrangement. The manuscript has suffered substantial losses of folios, and at a later date, probably in the 14th century, two replacement quires were inserted to replace earlier losses. While the original material is parchment, these replacement leaves were of paper. There have been further subsequent losses, and various of the folios from the beginning and end of the volume had evidently become detached and been organised in the wrong order. This is indicated by the fact that they bear modern folio numbers which do not correspond to their present location or to the correct order of the text. However, at or before the time of the most recent rebinding, they were restored to their proper order. The manuscript has also suffered severely from mould damage. Dr Christopher Wright

Language(s): Greek

Physical Description

Form: codex
Extent: Codex: i + 147 + i leaves. 310 × 245 mm.
Foliation: The manuscript is foliated with the numbers [i], 2, 137, 145-146, 138, 3, 139, 4-9, 1, 10-55, 55*, 56-67, 67*, 68-135, 143, 140-142, 144, 136 + [ii]], in pencil, in Arabic numerals, recto, upper right or centre right. This sequence was evidently added before the folios were arranged in their current order.
Foliation: There are occasional numbers of another foliation sequence, in pencil, in Arabic numerals, recto, upper right, added after the most recent rearrangement. However, due to the scarcity of these numbers, the earlier foliation is used in this description.

Collation

Part I consists of 19 quires (1-9, 12-21), Part II of 2 (10-11): 18-1, 28-1, 3-68, 78-1, 88-1, 98-2 | 106, 118-1 | 128-4, 136, 148-2, 1510-3, 168-1, 17-188, 198-1, 208, 218-1

Binding

20th-century half leather binding, by Douglas Cockerell and Son, hollow back, with plain pastedowns. The classmarks 716 and 63 are marked on patches of different date on the spine. Traces of page-marker tabs survive on ff. 33v-35r.

325 × 262 × 61 mm.

History

Provenance and Acquisition

Donated by Robert Lubbock Bensly (1831-1893) .

Part 1 [Cambridge, Gonville and Caius College, MS 716/63, ff. 2-146]

Contents

Language(s): Greek

1. f. 2r-2v
Gregory of Nazianzus, In sanctum Pascha et in tarditatem (oratio 1)

Defective at the beginning: begins at PG 35, col. 400

Incipit: || f. 2r ἵν'ἐλκύση πρὸς ἑαυτόν
Explicit: f. 2v ἐν Χριστῶι Ἰησοῦ νῦν τὲ, καὶ εἰς <τὴν> ἐκεῖθεν ἀνά<παυσι>ν ὧι ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ κράτος εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων

TLG 2022.015

CPG 3010.01

PG 35, coll. 395-401

2. ff. 2v-8v
Gregory of Nazianzus, In sanctum Pascha (oratio 45)

Incomplete, with a lacuna

Rubric: f. 2v Εἰς τὸ ἅγιον Πάσχα. Λόγος βʹ
Incipit: f. 2v Ἐπὶ τῆς φυλακῆς μου στήσομαι φηγεῖν θαυμάσιος
Explicit: f. 8v ὅτι σοὶ πᾶσα δόξα τιμὴ καὶ κράτος, εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων ἀμήν

TLG 2022.052

CPG 3010.45

PG 36, coll. 624-664

3. ff. 9r-13r
Gregory of Nazianzus, In nouam Dominicam (oratio 44)
Rubric: f. 9r Τοῦ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὴν καινὴν Κυριακὴν καὶ εἰς τὸν μάρτυρα Μάμαντα
Incipit: f. 9r <Ἐγκ>αίνια τιμᾶσθαι παλαιὸς νόμος καὶ καλῶς ἔχων
Explicit: f. 13r ἐν Χριστῶι Ἰησοῦ τῶι Κυρίωι ἡμῶν· ὧι πᾶσα δόξα τιμὴ κράτος σὺν Ἅγίωι Πνεύματι, εἰς δόξαν Θεοῦ Πατρὸς· ἀμήν

TLG 2022.051

CPG 3010.44

BHG 1021

PG 36, coll. 608-621

4. ff. 13r-20r
Gregory of Nazianzus, In Pentecosten (oratio 41)
Rubric: f. 13r Τοῦ αυτοῦ εἰς τὴν ἁγίαν Πεντηκοστήν
Incipit: f. 13r Περὶ τῆς ἑορτῆς βραχέα φιλοσοφήσωμεν
Explicit: f. 20r μεθ'οὗ ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ σέβας τῶι Πατρὶ σὺν τῶι Ἅγίωι Πνεύματι· νῦν καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων ἀμήν

TLG 2022.049

CPG 3010.41

PG 36, coll. 428-452

5. ff. 20r-26v
Gregory of Nazianzus, In Macchabaeorum laudem (oratio 15)
Rubric: f. 20r Τοῦ αὐτοῦ εἰς τοὺς Μακαβαίους:- Εὐλόγητον Πατέρ
Incipit: f. 20r Τί δαὶ[sic] οἱ Μακαβαῖοι· τούτων γὰρ ἡ παροῦσα πανήγυρις
Explicit: f. 26v ὁμολογούμενός τε καὶ ὁμολογῶν δοξαζόμενός τε καὶ δοξάζων· ἐν αὐτῶι Χριστῶι· ὧι ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας ἀμήν

TLG 2022.028

CPG 3010.15

BHG 1007

PG 35, coll. 912-933

6. ff. 26v-33v
Gregory of Nazianzus, In laudem sancti Cypriani (oratio 24)
Rubric: f. 26v Τοῦ αὐτοῦ εἰς ἅγιον μάρτυρα Κυπριανόν:- Εὐλόγητον Πατέρ
Incipit: f. 26v Μικροῦ, Κυπριανὸς διέφυγεν ἡμᾶς· ὢ τῆς ζημίας
Explicit: f. 33v ἐν αὐτῶι Χριστῶι τῶι, Κυρίωι ἡμῶν· ὧι πᾶσα δόξα τιμὴ καὶ κράτος, εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων ἀμήν

TLG 2022.037

CPG 3010.24

BHG 457

PG 35, coll. 1169-1193

7. ff. 34r-40r
Gregory of Nazianzus, Ad Iulianum tributorum exaequatorem (oratio 19)
Rubric: f. 34r Τοῦ αὐτοῦ εἰς τοὺς λόγους καὶ εἰς τὸν ἐξισωτὴν Ἰουλιανόν· Εὐλόγητον Πατέρ
Incipit: f. 34r Τίς ἡ τυραννὶς, ἣν ἐξ ἀγάπης ἀεὶ τυραννούμεθα
Explicit: f. 40r ὅτι αὐτῶι ἡ δόξα καὶ ἡ τιμὴ καὶ ἡ προσκύνησις εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων· ἀμήν

TLG 2022.032

CPG 3010.19

BHG 1918

PG 35, coll. 1044-1064

8. ff. 40r-43v
Gregory of Nazianzus, In Theophania, sive natatitia salvatori (oratio 38)

Defective at the end, with lacunas: ends at PG 36, col. 332

Rubric: f. 40r Τοῦ αὐτοῦ λόγος εἰς τὴν Χριστοῦ γέννα:- Εὐλόγητον Πατέρ
Incipit: f. 40r Χριστὸς γεννᾶται· δοξάασατε <Χριστὸς ἐ>ξ οὐράνων
Explicit: f. 43v αἰδεσθήσεταί σου τὴν σιωπὴν πλέον ἢ ἄλλων τοὺς μακροὺς λόγους||

TLG 2022.046

CPG 3010.38

BHG 1921-1921b

PG 36, coll. 312-333

9. ff. 44r-71r
Gregory of Nazianzus, Funebris oratio in laudem Basilii magni Caesareae in Cappadocia episcopi (oratio 43)

Defective at the beginning, with lacunas: begins at PG 36, col. 496

Incipit: || f. 44r εἰκὸς ἐνελίπομεν· μή ποτέ τοσοῦτον ἀμελήσαιμεν
Explicit: f. 71r εἰ καί τι παράσχοιμεν ἐπαίνου τοῖς λόγοις ἄξιον

TLG 2022.006

CPG 3010.43

BHG 245

PG 36, coll. 493-605

10. ff. 71r-76r
Gregory of Nazianzus, In sancta Lumina (oratio 39)
Rubric: f. 71r Τοῦ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὰ ἁγία Φῶτα
Incipit: f. 71r Πάλιν Ἰησοῦς ὁ ἐμός· καὶ πάλιν μυστήριον
Explicit: f. 76r ἐν Χριστῶι Ἰησοῦ τῶι Κυρίωι ἡμῶν· ὧι ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων ἀμήν

TLG 2022.047

CPG 3010.39

BHG 1938-1938b

PG 36, coll. 335-340

11. ff. 76r-95v
Gregory of Nazianzus, In sanctum baptisma (oratio 40)
Rubric: f. 76r Τοῦ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ ἅγιον βάπτισμα:- Εὐλόγητον Πατέρ
Incipit: f. 76r Χθὲς τῆι λαμπρᾶι τῶν Φώτων ἡμέρα πανηγυρίσαντες
Explicit: f. 95v ἐν αὐτῶι Χριστῶι τῶι Κυρίωι ἡμῶν· ὧι πᾶσα δόξα τιμὴ καὶ κράτος εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας ἀμήν

TLG 2022.048

CPG 3010.40

BHG 1947

PG 36, coll. 340-425

12. ff. 95v-98v
Gregory of Nazianzus, Ad Gregorium Nyssenum (oratio 11)
Rubric: f. 95v Τοῦ αὐτοῦ εἰς Γρηγόριον τὸν ἀδελφὸν Βασιλείου ἐπιστάντα μετὰ τὴν χειροτονίαν:- Εὐλόγητον Πατέρ
Incipit: f. 95v Φίλου πιστοῦ, οὐκ ἔστιν ἀντάλλαγμα τῶν ὄντων οὐδέν
Explicit: f. 98v καὶ ὀφθέντας ἐν δικαιοσύνηι. τῆς ἑαυτοῦ δόξης κορέσειεν· ἐποφθείσης ἐν Χριστῶι Ἰησοῦ ἀμήν

TLG 2022.024

CPG 3010.11

BHG 716

PG 35, coll. 832-841

13. ff. 98v-108r
Gregory of Nazianzus, Supremum uale (oratio 42)
Rubric: f. 98v Τοῦ αὐτοῦ συντακτήριος εἰς τὴν τῶν ἑκατὸν πεντήκοντα ἐπισκόπων παρουσίαν
Incipit: f. 98v Πῶς ὑμῖν τὰ ἡμέρα ὦ φίλοι ποιμένες καὶ συμποίμενες
Explicit: f. 108r τὴν παρακαταθήκην μέμνησθέ μου τῶν λιθασμῶν· ἡ χάρις τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν:- ἀμήν

TLG 2022.050

CPG 3010.42

BHG 730b

PG 36, coll. 457-492

14. ff. 108v-123v
Gregory of Nazianzus, De pauperum amore (oratio 14)
Rubric: f. 108v Τοῦ αὐτοῦ περὶ φιλοπτωχίας
Incipit: f. 108v Ἄνδρες ἀδελφοὶ καὶ συμπένητες· πτωχοὶ γὰρ ἅπαντες
Explicit: f. 123v ἐν αὐτῶι Χριστῶι τῶι Κυρίωι ἡμῶν· ὧι ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας ἀμήν

TLG 2022.027

CPG 3010.14

PG 35, coll. 857-909

15. ff. 123v-133r
Gregory of Nazianzus, In patrem tacentem propter plagam grandinis (oratio 16)
Rubric: f. 123v Τοῦ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν Πατέρα σιωτπῶντα διὰ τὴν πλήγην τῆς χαλάζης
Incipit: f. 123v Τί λύετε τάξιν ἐπαινουμένην
Explicit: f. 133r ἐν Χριστῶι Ἰησοῦ τῶν Κυρίωι ἡμῶν· ὧι ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων ἀμήν

TLG 2022.029

CPG 3010.16

PG 35, coll. 933-964

16. ff. 133r-136v
Gregory of Nazianzus, Theologica tertia: De Filio 1 (oratio 29)
Rubric: f. 133r Περὶ Υἱοῦ λόγος πρῶτος
Incipit: f. 133r Ἀμὲν οὖν εἴποι τίς ἂν ἐπικόπτων τὴν περὶ τὸν λόγον αὐτῶν ἑτοιμότητα καὶ ταχυτῆτα
Explicit: f. 136v ἐν Χριστῶι Ἰησοῦ τῶι Κυρίωι ἡμῶν· ὧι ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων:- ἀμήν

TLG 2022.009

CPG 3010.29

PG 36, coll. 73-104

17. f. 136v
Gregory of Nazianzus, Theologica quarta: De Filio 2 (oratio 30)

Defective at the end: ends at PG 36, col. 105

Rubric: f. 136v Του αὐτοῦ περὶ Υἱοῦ λόγος βʹ
Incipit: f. 136v Ἐπειδή σοι τὰς μὲν ἐκ τῶν λογισμῶν στροφὰς καὶ πλοκὰς
Explicit: f. 136v τάδε καὶ τάδε καὶ ἡ ἀβύσσος εἰ<πεν> ||

TLG 2022.010

CPG 3010.30

PG 36, coll. 104-133

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: Parchment (FHHF), of medium thickness and quality.

Collation

This part consists of 19 quires, of which one is a quinion, another is probably made up of parts of two original quires of uncertain length, and the rest are quaternia. It is interrupted by the replacement Quires 10 and 11, which constitute Part II.

  • Quire 18-1 ff. 2, 137, 145-146, 138, 3, 139 The first folio has been lost, with loss of text.
  • Quire 28-1 ff. 4-9, 1 The first folio has been lost, with loss of text.
  • Quires 3-68 ff. 10-41
  • Quire 78-1 ff. 42-48 The third folio has been lost, with loss of text.
  • Quire 88 ff. 49-55*
  • Quire 98-2 ff. 56-61 The seventh and eighth folios have been lost, with loss of text.
  • Quire 128-4 ff. 74-77 Four folios have been lost, with loss of text, following the first, second and last of the surviving folios, but it is unclear from the extent of the lacunas in the text which of these losses consists of two folios rather than one.
  • Quire 136 ff. 78-83 The construction of this quire is unclear; folios have been lost after the first, second, third and sixth surviving folios with loss of text, while a folio has been cancelled after the fifth surviving folio, without loss of text. The extent of the textual lacunas suggests the possible loss of more than one folio in places, and the signatures indicate that two quires should be present here, indicating that the present folios are probably the remains of two original quires.
  • Quire 148-2 ff. 84-89 The second and third folios have been cancelled, without loss of text.
  • Quires 1510-3 ff. 90-96 The fifth, seventh and eighth folios have been cancelled, without loss of text.
  • Quire 168-1 ff. 97-103 The last folio has been cancelled, without loss of text.
  • Quires 17-188 ff. 104-119
  • Quire 198-1 ff. 120-126 The first folio has been lost, with loss of text.
  • Quire 208 ff. 127-134
  • Quire 218-1 ff. 135, 143, 140-142, 144, 136 The fourth folio has been lost, with loss of text.

There are early quire signatures in Greek numerals, in brown ink, on the first folio of each quire, recto, lower right. Many have been lost to cropping. They survive on Quires 4-9, 12, 14-15, 19 (δʹ-θʹ, ιβʹ, ιεʹ-ιϛʹ, ιθʹ). There are also modern quire signatures in Arabic numerals, in pencil, on the first folio of each quire, recto, lower right. From Quire 16 onwards these numbers are too large by one. They survive on Quires 3-9, 12-13, 15, 16-17 (3-9, 12-13, 15, 17-18).

Condition

Most of f. 55* has been lost. There are substantial losses from the edges of the first and last few folios, and more limited losses elsewhere. Some of this damage has been repaired with paper patches or more recently with Japanese paper. There are small holes in some folios. A pair of cross-shaped holes has been deliberately cut in ff. 52-53, and these have been repaired with Japanese paper. A smaller, simpler pair of crosses have also been incised in these folios. There is a long cut or tear in f. 34, which has been repaired with Japanese paper. Some of the first and last few folios have significant creasing. Severe water staining is present in places, often accompanied in the early folios by serious abrasion of ink and transfer of ink to the opposite folio, and there is further abrasion of ink elsewhere. There is very extensive purple mould staining throughout, some brown stains and areas of dirt.

Layout

ff. 2r-61v, 74r-136v A single column of 27 lines. 226 × 175 mm.

Hand(s)

ff. 2r-61v and 74r-136v were copied by Hand A, in mixed minuscule script, upright or slanting slightly to the right, in brown ink, with modest variation in letter size.

Superscript word endings appear only at the end of lines, but syllabic abbreviations appear throughout. Breathings are angular and mute iota is adscript. Use of the double dot is functional only. Grave accents are reverted to acute before strong punctuation marks. Nomina sacra are accentuated only when more than three letters long or with enclitics. The double grave accent is in use.

Punctuation used includes the middle and upper points, lower comma, question mark and full stop.

Decoration

Texts begin with minor initials in red ink.

Transitions between texts are accompanied by asterisks in red and brown ink.

Additions

As part of the original production of the manuscript, the scribe has added occasional marginal annotations, section numbers and ση(μείωσαι) and ὠρ(αῖος) marks to highlight notable passages.

A later Greek hand has added sequential numbers for the individuals texts in the margin beside the beginning of each, after the second oration, where this information was included by the original scribe (f. 2v).

There are occasional annotations in Greek by later hands, including the word ‘διάκονον’ written repeatedly in monocondylion on ff. 26v-27r.

Oration numbers in Arabic numerals, in pencil, have been added beside the beginning of each text.

History

Origin: The main body of the manuscript was probably produced in the early 12th century, as suggested by the characteristics of the script. It has previously been dated tentatively to the 13th century (James, p. 685) and to the 11th century (Mossay, p. 36).

Part 2 [Cambridge, Gonville and Caius College, MS 716/63, ff. 62-73]

Contents

Language(s): Greek

18. ff. 62r-71r
Gregory of Nazianzus, Funebris oratio in laudem Basilii magni Caesareae in Cappadocia episcopi (oratio 43)

Completion of the text listed in Part I

19. ff. 71
Gregory of Nazianzus, In sancta Lumina (oratio 39)

Beginning of the text listed in Part I

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: Eastern paper

Collation

This part consists of two quires, one a ternion and the other a quaternion.

  • Quire 106 ff. 62-67
  • Quire 118-1 ff. 67*-73 The seventh folio has been cancelled, without loss of text.

There is an early quire signature in Greek numerals, in brown ink, on the first folio of Quire 11, recto, lower right (ιαʹ). There are also modern quire signatures in Arabic numerals, in pencil, on the first folio of Quire 10, recto, lower right (10).

Condition

There are losses to the lower outer corner of all folios in this part, and occasional losses elsewhere. Some of this damage has been repaired with paper patches or Japanese paper. There are areas of dirt, as well as creasing and water staining.

Layout

ff. 62r-73r A single column of 31 lines. 231 × 170 mm.

Hand(s)

ff. 62r-73r were copied by Hand B, in mixed minuscule script, upright or slanting slightly to the right, in brown ink, with modest variation in letter size.

Syllabic abbreviations and superscript word endings appear throughout the line. Breathings are round and mute iota is absent. There is decorative use of the double dot. Nomina sacra are accentuated only when three or more letters long or with enclitics. Accents are sometimes joined to letters. The double grave accent is present.

The small x-shaped kappa is present.

Punctuation used includes the upper point, lower comma and question mark. Points are often very large.

Headings are written in the same style in red ink.

Decoration

Texts begin with decorated initials in red ink, and the beginning of sections is marked by smaller, simpler initials in red ink.

Additions

There is a note by the hierodiakonos (priest and monk) Michael on f. 65r:‘ Ἰησοῦ Χριστός· ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν βοῆθε[sic] την[sic] δούλον[sic] σου· Μιχαὴλ ιεροδιάκονον[sic] ’, and occasional notes in Greek by other hands.

History

Origin: This part was apparently added to replace lost original folios, probably in the 14th century, as suggested by the material and the style of script.

Additional Information

Availability

Visitors to Gonville and Caius College who wish to consult Lower Library material are required to apply to the Library in advance of their visit. For information on eligibility and admission procedures see: Gonville and Caius College: Library Information.

Bibliography

    A descriptive catalogue of the manuscripts in the library of Gonville and Caius College, James, M.R. (Cambridge, 2, University Press, 1907) Repertorium Nazianzenum. Orationes, textus Graecus. 2, Codices Americae, Angliae, Austriae Studien zur Geschichte und Kultur des Altertums. Reihe 2, Forschungen zu Gregor von Nazianz, Mossay, Justin (Paderborn, Schöningh, 1987)

Funding of Cataloguing

The Polonsky Foundation

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Cambridge Digital Library

Abbreviations

View list of abbreviations and editorial conventions.

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